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Shloka 40

द्रोणपर्व (अध्याय १) — भीष्मनिधनानन्तरं धृतराष्ट्रस्य शोकः, सेनायाः स्थितिः, कर्णस्मरणं च

Droṇa Parva, Chapter 1: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s grief after Bhīṣma’s fall and the army’s reorientation toward Karṇa

पाण्डवैर्वा हते भीष्मे त्वयि स्वर्गमुपेयुषि । हन्तास्म्येकरथेनैव कृत्स्नान्‌ यान्‌ मन्यसे रथान्‌,“अथवा यदि पाण्डवोंके द्वारा मारे जाकर आप स्वर्गलोकमें पहुँच गये तो मैं एकमात्र रथकी सहायतासे उन सबको मार डालूँगा, जिन्हें आप रथी मानते हैं!

pāṇḍavair vā hate bhīṣme tvayi svargam upeyuṣi | hantāsmy ekarathenaiva kṛtsnān yān manyase rathān ||

సంజయుడు పలికెను—‘లేదా పాండవుల చేత భీష్ముడు హతుడై, మీరు స్వర్గానికి చేరితే, నేను ఒక్క రథం సహాయంతోనే మీరు రథులని భావించే వారందరినీ సంహరిస్తాను.’

पाण्डवैःby the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
हतेwhen (he is) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular
भीष्मेin/when Bhishma (is)
भीष्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
त्वयिwhen you (are)
त्वयि:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Locative, Singular
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपेयुषिhaving gone/attained
उपेयुषि:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootउप-इ (उप + इ)
Formक्वसु (perfect active participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular
हन्तindeed!/alas!/well then
हन्त:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहन्त
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular
एक-रथेनwith a single chariot
एक-रथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootएकरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवonly/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कृत्स्नान्all, entire
कृत्स्नान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यान्whom/which
यान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मन्यसेyou consider
मन्यसे:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPresent (Lat), 2nd, Singular, Atmanepada
रथान्chariot-warriors / chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍavas
B
Bhīṣma
S
svarga (heaven)
R
ratha (chariot)
R
rathāḥ (chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how pride and overconfidence can arise amid crisis: the speaker claims he can single-handedly destroy all ‘great chariot-warriors’ if senior leaders fall. Ethically, it underscores the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension between heroic self-image and the grim reality that war magnifies delusion, escalation, and moral blindness.

In the opening of Droṇa Parva, Sañjaya reports a forceful declaration: if Bhīṣma is killed by the Pāṇḍavas and the addressed leader goes to heaven (i.e., dies), the speaker vows to continue the fight alone with a single chariot, claiming he will kill all those the leader counts as foremost chariot-warriors.