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Shloka 23

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

भीमसेनो5भिमन्युश्न राक्षसश्न॒ घटोत्कच: । द्रौपदेया: सत्यधृति: क्षत्रदेवश्ष भारत,कथयामास दुर्धर्षो विनि:श्वस्य पुनः पुनः । संजय कहते हैं--महाराज! शत्रुओंको संताप देनेवाला राजा दुर्योधन उस महान्‌ युद्धमें एक राक्षसके द्वारा प्राप्त हुई अपनी पराजयको नहीं सह सका। उसने गंगानन्दन भीष्मजीके पास जाकर उन्हें विनीतभावसे प्रणाम करनेके पश्चात्‌ सारा वृत्तान्त यथावत्‌ रूपसे कह सुनाया। उस दुर्धर्ष वीरने बारंबार लम्बी साँस खींचकर घटोत्कचकी विजय और अपनी पराजयकी कथा कही

sañjaya uvāca | bhīmaseno 'bhimanyuś ca rākṣasaś ca ghaṭotkacaḥ | draupadeyāḥ satyadhṛtiḥ kṣatradevaś ca bhārata | kathayāmāsa durdharṣo viniḥśvasya punaḥ punaḥ |

ఓ భారతా! అక్కడ భీమసేనుడు, అభిమన్యుడు, రాక్షసుడు ఘటోత్కచుడు, అలాగే ద్రౌపదేయులు సత్యధృతి మరియు క్షత్రదేవుడు కూడా ఉన్నారు.

भीमसेनःBhimasena (Bhima)
भीमसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभिमन्युःAbhimanyu
अभिमन्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राक्षसःthe Rakshasa (demon)
राक्षसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
घटोत्कचःGhatotkacha
घटोत्कचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootघटोत्कच
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रौपदेयाःthe sons of Draupadi
द्रौपदेयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौपदेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सत्यधृतिःSatyadhriti (name)
सत्यधृतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्यधृति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रदेवःKshatradeva (name)
क्षत्रदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भारतO Bharata (address)
भारत:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कथयामासtold / narrated
कथयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootकथय् (कथयति)
FormPeriphrastic Perfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुर्धर्षःthe hard-to-vanquish one
दुर्धर्षः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्धर्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विनिःश्वस्यhaving sighed / sighing
विनिःश्वस्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-श्वस् (निश्वसति) with वि-
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), irregular/contracted: विनिःश्वस्य = विनिःश्वस्य(न्) (from विनिःश्वस्य/विनिःश्वस्यन् used adverbially)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'Bhārata')
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
A
Abhimanyu
G
Ghaṭotkaca
D
Draupadeyas (sons of Draupadī)
S
Satyadhṛti
K
Kṣatradeva
D
Duryodhana (implied by 'durdharṣa' and the narrative context)
B
Bhīṣma (implied by the accompanying prose context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how ego and inability to accept setbacks can deepen conflict: a leader’s repeated sighs and fixation on defeat show inner turmoil, suggesting that self-control and humility are essential even amid kṣatriya warfare.

Sañjaya lists key Pāṇḍava fighters (Bhīma, Abhimanyu, Ghaṭotkaca, and Draupadī’s sons) and notes that the formidable Duryodhana, repeatedly sighing, recounts the episode of Ghaṭotkaca’s success and his own defeat (as expanded in the surrounding prose: he goes to Bhīṣma and reports the events).