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Shloka 13

Adhyāya 92: Irāvanta-śoka, punaḥ-pravṛttiḥ saṅgrāmasya

Arjuna’s grief and the battle’s renewed intensity

तदेतत्‌ समनुप्राप्तं पूर्वमेव विशाम्पते । तस्मात्‌ त्वं शृणु तत्त्वेन यथा युद्धमवर्तत,प्रजापालक नरेश! यह सब तो पहलेसे ही प्राप्त है। अब आप जिस प्रकार युद्ध हुआ, उसका यथावत्‌ समाचार सुनिये

tad etat samanuprāptaṃ pūrvam eva viśāmpate | tasmāt tvaṃ śṛṇu tattvena yathā yuddham avartata ||

ప్రజాపాలక నరేశా! ఇది అంతా ముందే సంభవించాల్సినదే. కాబట్టి యుద్ధం ఎలా జరిగిందో నిజంగా, శ్రద్ధగా వినుము.

तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
समनुप्राप्तम्has been attained/has come about
समनुप्राप्तम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+अनु+प्राप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
पूर्वम्formerly, earlier
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विशाम्of the people/subjects
विशाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविश्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
पतेO lord
पते:
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore, from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
शृणुhear, listen
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्त्वेनin truth, accurately
तत्त्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
यथाhow, in what manner
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
युद्धम्the battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अवर्ततtook place, occurred
अवर्तत:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Atmanepada
प्रजापालकO protector of subjects
प्रजापालक:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा+पालक
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नरेशO king (lord of men)
नरेश:
TypeNoun
Rootनर+ईश
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by viśāmpate)

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes truthful reporting and the sense of inevitability in great events: Sañjaya frames the war’s course as something already set in motion, and commits to narrating it ‘tattvena’—accurately and without distortion.

Sañjaya addresses the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) and transitions into a factual account of the battle, signaling that he will now describe, in proper sequence and truthfully, how the fighting proceeded.