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Shloka 40

Varṣa-Parvata-Nivāsinām Varnanam

Description of Regions, Mountains, and Their Inhabitants

मत्स्या: कुशल्या: सौशल्या: कुन्तय: कान्तिकोसला: । चेदिमत्स्यकरूषाश्न भोजा: सिन्धुपुलिन्दका:,भारतमें ये कुरु-पांचाल, शाल्व, माद्रेय-जांगल, शूरसेन, पुलिन्द, बोध, माल, मत्स्य, कुशल्य, सौशल्य, कुन्ति, कान्ति, कोसल, चेदि, मत्स्य, करूष, भोज, सिन्धु-पुलिन्द, उत्तमाश्च, दशार्ण, मेकल, उत्कल, पंचाल, कोसल, नैकपृष्ठ, धुरंधर, गोधा, मद्रकलिंग, काशि, अपरकाशि, जठर, कुक्कुर, दशार्ण, कुन्ति, अवन्ति, अपरकुन्ति, गोमन्त, मन्दक, सण्ड, विदर्भ, रूपवाहिक, अश्मक, पाण्ड्राष्ट्र, गोपराष्ट्र, करीति, अधिराज्य, कुशाद्य तथा मल्लराष्ट्र

matsyāḥ kuśalyāḥ sauśalyāḥ kuntayaḥ kāntikosalāḥ | cedimatsyakarūṣāś ca bhojāḥ sindhupulindakāḥ ||

సంజయుడు పలికెను—మత్స్యులు, కుశల్యులు, సౌశల్యులు, కుంతులు, కాంతి-కోసలులు; అలాగే చేది, మత్స్య, కరూషులు, భోజులు, సింధు-పులిందులూ ఉన్నారు.

मत्स्याःthe Matsyas (people/kingdom)
मत्स्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुशल्याःthe Kushalas (people)
कुशल्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुशल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सौशल्याःthe Saushalas (people)
सौशल्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसौशल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुन्तयःthe Kuntis/Kuntayas (people)
कुन्तयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्ति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कान्ति-कोसलाःthe Kantis and the Kosalas
कान्ति-कोसलाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकान्ति + कोसल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चेदि-मत्स्य-करूषाःthe Cedis, Matsyas, and Karushas
चेदि-मत्स्य-करूषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचेदि + मत्स्य + करूष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भोजाःthe Bhojas
भोजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभोज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सिन्धु-पुलिन्दकाःthe Sindhu-Pulindakas (Pulindas of the Sindhu region)
सिन्धु-पुलिन्दकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धु + पुलिन्दक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Matsya (people/kingdom)
K
Kuśalya (people/region)
S
Sauśalya (people/region)
K
Kunti (people/region)
K
Kānti-Kośala (people/region)
C
Cedi (kingdom)
K
Karūṣa (region)
B
Bhoja (people/lineage)
S
Sindhu (Indus region)
P
Pulinda (tribal group)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the scale of the Kurukṣetra war: many peoples and regions are drawn into a single conflict. Ethically, it highlights how adharma at the center of power spreads suffering outward, implicating entire societies rather than only the principal rivals.

Sañjaya is reporting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, listing the various kingdoms and tribal groups present/arrayed for battle. This is part of a broader catalogue that situates the war as a pan-regional confrontation with numerous allies and contingents.