Shloka 39

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya-saṃvādaḥ; madhyāhna-saṅgrāma-pravṛttiḥ

Dhritarashtra–Sanjaya dialogue and the midday battle escalation

Devanagari script

सात्यकिश्चापि संक्रुद्धो राक्षसं क्रूरमाहवे । अलनम्बुषं शरैस्ती&णैरविव्याध बलिनां वर:

Transliteration

sātyakiś cāpi saṅkruddho rākṣasaṁ krūram āhave | alanambuṣaṁ śarais tīkṣṇair avivyādha balināṁ varaḥ ||

Translation

సంజయుడు అన్నాడు—బలవంతులలో శ్రేష్ఠుడైన సాత్యకి కూడా కోపంతో రగిలి, యుద్ధంలో ఆ క్రూర రాక్షసుడు అలంబుషుణ్ని పదునైన బాణాలతో బాగా గుచ్చాడు.

Word by Word

• सात्यकिः: Sātyaki
• सात्यकिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्यकि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• संक्रुद्धः: enraged, very angry
• संक्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संक्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राक्षसम्: the demon (Rākṣasa)
• राक्षसम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• क्रूरम्: cruel, fierce
• क्रूरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रूर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आहवे: in battle
• आहवे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आहव
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अलम्बुषम्: Alambuṣa (name of the demon)
• अलम्बुषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अलम्बुष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तीक्ष्णैः: sharp
• तीक्ष्णैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तीक्ष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अविव्याध: pierced, struck through
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यध्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• बलिनाम्: of the strong (men)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बलिन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• वरः: the best, the foremost
• वरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Sātyaki
• Alambusha
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

In the battlefield context, the verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma: confronting destructive cruelty with disciplined force to protect one’s side. Anger is present, yet the action is framed as decisive restraint of a violent aggressor within the rules of war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Sātyaki, angered in combat, pierces the fierce rākṣasa warrior Alambusha with sharp arrows, overpowering him as a leading champion among strong fighters.