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Shloka 54

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

परिस्तोमान्‌ विचित्रांश्व कक्ष्याश्न कनकोज्ज्वला: | ग्रैवेयाण्यथ शक्तीक्ष पताका: कणपांस्तथा,इति श्रीमहा भारते भीष्मपर्वणि भीष्मवधपर्वणि द्वितीययुद्धदिवसे कलिड्रराजवधे चतुष्पञ्चाशत्तमो<ध्याय:

sañjaya uvāca |

paristomān vicitrāṁś ca kakṣyāś ca kanakojjvalāḥ |

graiveyāṇy atha śaktīkṣa patākāḥ kaṇapāṁs tathā ||

బంగారంతో మెరిసే నానావిధ పరితోమాలు, కక్ష్యాలు, గ్రైవేయాలు, అలాగే శక్తులు, పతాకాలు మరియు ఇతర యుద్ధోపకరణాలు అక్కడ చెల్లాచెదురుగా పడ్డాయి.

परिस्तोमान्garlands/neck-ornaments (wreath-like adornments)
परिस्तोमान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरिस्तोम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विचित्रान्variegated, splendid
विचित्रान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविचित्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अश्वकक्ष्याःhorse-girths / horse-trappings (belts/straps for horses)
अश्वकक्ष्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वकक्ष्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कनकोज्ज्वलाःshining with gold
कनकोज्ज्वलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकनकोज्ज्वल
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
ग्रैवेयाणिneck-ornaments/collars
ग्रैवेयाणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootग्रैवेय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अथthen, and also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
शक्तीःspears/javelins
शक्तीः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पताकाःbanners/flags
पताकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपताका
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कणपान्quivers (arrow-cases)
कणपान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकणप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाlikewise, also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
O
ornaments (garlands, bands, neck-ornaments)
W
weapons (śakti—lances/spears)
B
banners/standards (patākāḥ)
G
gold (kanaka)

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive, but it implicitly contrasts the glittering external pageantry of war—golden ornaments, banners, and weapons—with the grave moral weight of battle, reminding the reader that worldly brilliance often accompanies, and can mask, suffering and destruction.

Sañjaya continues his battlefield report by listing the ornate trappings and martial equipment visible in the scene—gold-bright decorations, neck-ornaments, lances, and banners—conveying the scale and grandeur of the armies’ display during the fighting.