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Shloka 1

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

अपना बा | अकाल चतुष्पञ्चशत्तमो< ध्याय: भीमसेनका कलिंगों और निषादोंसे युद्ध, भीमसेनके द्वारा शक्रदेव, भानुमान्‌ और केतुमान्‌का वध तथा उनके बहुत- से सैनिकोंका संहार ध्ृतराष्र उवाच तथा प्रतिसमादिष्ट: कालिजड्रो वाहिनीपति: । 44५ | भीमसेनं महाबलम्‌,ष्रने पूछा--संजय! दुर्योधनकी वैसी आज्ञा पाकर सेनापति कलिंगराजने अद्भुत पराक्रमी महाबली भीमसेनके साथ किस प्रकार युद्ध किया?

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | tathā pratisaṃādiṣṭaḥ kaliṅgādhipo vāhinīpatiḥ | bhīmasenaṃ mahābalaṃ kathaṃ yuyudhe sañjaya ||

ధృతరాష్ట్రుడు పలికెను—సంజయా! దుర్యోధనుని ఆజ్ఞను పొందిన సేనాధిపతి కలింగరాజు, మహాబలుడైన భీమసేనునితో యుద్ధభూమిలో ఏ విధంగా సమరం చేసెను?

धृतराष्ट्रःDhritarashtra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
प्रतिसमादिष्टःhaving been instructed/commanded
प्रतिसमादिष्टः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिसमादिश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)
कालिङ्गःthe king/man of Kalinga
कालिङ्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकालिङ्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाहिनीपतिःcommander of an army
वाहिनीपतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाहिनीपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीमसेनम्Bhimasena
भीमसेनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महाबलम्very strong/mighty
महाबलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

ध्ृतराष्र उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
K
Kaliṅga (Kaliṅga king/commander)
D
Duryodhana (implied as the one giving orders)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of command in war: leaders issue orders, and commanders execute them, setting in motion consequences that must be faced on the battlefield. It frames warfare as structured by duty and hierarchy, while implicitly questioning the motives behind such commands.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra asks Sañjaya to describe how the Kaliṅga king—serving as an army commander after receiving Duryodhana’s instruction—fought against the immensely powerful Bhīma. This introduces the upcoming account of their combat.