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Shloka 3

Saubhadra under Concentrated Assault; Pārṣata’s Intervention and Escalation

भीष्मो हि समरे क्रुद्धो हन्याल्लोकां श्वराचरान्‌ । स कथं पाण्डवं युद्धे नातरत्‌ संजयौजसा,संजय! भीष्म रणक्षेत्रमें कुपित हो जायँ तो वे चराचर प्राणियोंसहित सम्पूर्ण लोकोंको मार सकते हैं। फिर वे अपने पराक्रमद्वारा युद्धमें पाण्डुकुमार अर्जुनसे क्‍यों न पार पा सके?

bhīṣmo hi samare kruddho hanyāl lokān sacarācarān | sa kathaṁ pāṇḍavaṁ yuddhe nātarat sañjayaujasā, sañjaya |

ధృతరాష్ట్రుడు పలికెను— సంజయా! భీష్ముడు సమరంలో క్రోధించితే చరాచర సమస్త లోకాలను కూడా సంహరించగలడు. అటువంటి వాడు తన పరాక్రమంతో యుద్ధంలో పాండుకుమారుడు (అర్జునుడు) పై ఎందుకు గెలవలేకపోయెను?

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangered
क्रुद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हन्यात्would/could slay
हन्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
लोकान्worlds/peoples
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
चराचरान्moving and unmoving (beings)
चराचरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचराचर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how/why
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
पाण्डवम्the Pandava (Arjuna)
पाण्डवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युद्धेin the battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अतरत्crossed over/overcame
अतरत्:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ओजसाby strength/valor
ओजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootओजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
Bhīṣma
A
Arjuna
S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍavas
B
battlefield (raṇa-kṣetra/samara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tension between sheer martial power and the limits imposed by circumstance, vows, strategy, and dharma: even the mightiest warrior may be unable to ‘overcome’ an opponent when higher constraints and the complex moral-psychological fabric of war are at play.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, hearing of events in the war, expresses astonishment: Bhīṣma is famed as capable of destroying entire worlds when angered, so he asks Sañjaya why Bhīṣma could not defeat Arjuna in battle.