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Shloka 11

गौरुडव्यूह-रचना तथा अर्धचन्द्र-प्रत्यव्यूह

Garuḍa Array and the Ardhacandra Counter-Formation

एके रथं पर्यवहंस्तुरगा: सतुरड्रमम्‌ । युवानं निहतं वीरं लम्बमानं सकार्मुकम्‌,जिघांसन्तं युधां श्रेष्ठ तदा55सीत्‌ तुमुलं महत्‌ । संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! पाण्डवपक्षके लाखों क्षत्रियशिरोमणि महारथी विराट सेनापति शूरवीर श्वेतको आगे करके आपके पुत्र दुर्योधनको अपना बल दिखाते हुए शिखण्डीको सामने रखकर भीष्मके सुवर्णभूषित रथपर चढ़ आये। भारत! वे महारथी श्लेतकी रक्षा करना चाहते थे। इसलिये उसे मारनेकी इच्छावाले योद्धाओंमें श्रेष्ठ भीष्मपर उन्होंने धावा किया। उस समय बड़ा भयंकर युद्ध छिड़ गया कितने ही घोड़े अपनेसहित रथको लिये हुए दूर भागे जा रहे थे और उसपर मरा हुआ नवयुवक वीर रथी धनुषके साथ ही लटक रहा था

sañjaya uvāca | eke rathaṁ paryavahaṁs turagāḥ sa-turaṅgamam | yuvānaṁ nihataṁ vīraṁ lambamānaṁ sa-kārmukam, jighāṁsantaṁ yudhāṁ śreṣṭha tadā āsīt tumulaṁ mahat |

సంజయుడు అన్నాడు—రాజా! కొందరు గుర్రాలు రథాన్ని కూడా లాగుతూ ఉన్మత్తంగా ఇటూ అటూ పరుగులు తీశాయి. ఆ రథంపై ఒక యువ వీరుడు హతుడై, ధనుస్సుతోనే వేలాడుతూ కనిపించాడు. శ్రేష్ఠ యోధుడిని సంహరించాలనే ఉద్దేశంతో అగ్రయోధులు దూసుకొచ్చిన వేళ, అక్కడ మహా భయంకరమైన, ఘోర కలకలంతో కూడిన యుద్ధం చెలరేగింది.

एकेsome (certain ones)
एके:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पर्यवहन्carried/dragged along, bore around
पर्यवहन्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootवह्
FormImperfect, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada, Active, परि,आ
तुरगाःhorses
तुरगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतुरग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
he/that (one)
:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुरड्रमम्a (kind of) standard/banner (reading uncertain)
तुरड्रमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतुरड्रम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युवानम्young
युवानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयुवन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निहतम्slain
निहतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-हन्
Formkta (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
वीरम्hero, warrior
वीरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
लम्बमानम्hanging, dangling
लम्बमानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootलम्ब्
Formशानच् (present participle, parasmaipada), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
with
:
Saha
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
कार्मुकम्bow
कार्मुकम्:
Saha
TypeNoun
Rootकार्मुक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जिघांसन्तम्wishing to kill
जिघांसन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular, जि (desiderative formation)
युधाम्of battles/fights
युधाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठO best (one)
श्रेष्ठ:
Sambodhana
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
आसीत्was, occurred
आसीत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada, Active
तुमुलम्tumultuous, fierce
तुमुलम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied addressee)
C
chariot (ratha)
H
horses (turaga)
A
a young slain warrior (yuvānaṁ nihataṁ vīram)
B
bow (kārmuka)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the grim ethical cost of war: even heroic youth can be reduced to a lifeless body amid chaos, while combatants—driven by the intent to kill—intensify the tumult. It implicitly warns that kṣatriya valor operates within a tragic field where dharma and destruction coexist.

Sañjaya reports a moment of battlefield confusion: horses bolt while still hauling a chariot, and a young warrior lies slain, hanging from the chariot with his bow. Meanwhile, leading fighters surge forward with lethal intent, and the fighting swells into a great uproar.