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Shloka 4

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय २: संजयस्य दिव्यदृष्टिप्रदानम् तथा निमित्तवर्णनम्

Granting Sañjaya Divine Sight and the Description of Omens

व्यास उवाच राजन्‌ परीतकालास्ते पुत्राश्चान्ये च पार्थिवा: । ते हिंसन्तीव संग्रामे समासाद्येतरेतरम्‌,व्यासजी बोले--राजन! तुम्हारे पुत्रों तथा अन्य राजाओंका मृत्युकाल आ पहुँचा है। वे संग्राममें एक-दूसरेसे भिड़कर मरने-मारनेको तैयार खड़े हैं

vyāsa uvāca rājān parītakālāste putrāścānye ca pārthivāḥ | te hiṃsantīva saṅgrāme samāsādya itaretaram ||

వ్యాసుడు పలికెను—రాజా! నీ కుమారులకును ఇతర రాజులకును మరణకాలము సమీపించెను. వారు యుద్ధభూమిలో పరస్పరం ఎదురై, ఒకరినొకరు హతమార్చుటకును హతమగుటకును సిద్ధమై నిలిచియున్నారు.

व्यासःVyasa
व्यासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
परीतकालाःwhose time (of death) has come / at the end of their time
परीतकालाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरीतकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthose / they
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्येother
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पार्थिवाःkings
पार्थिवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिंसन्तिthey harm / they kill
हिंसन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहिंस्
FormPresent, Indicative, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
संग्रामेin battle
संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
समासाद्यhaving approached / having encountered
समासाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Active
इतरेतरम्one another (mutually)
इतरेतरम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइतरेतर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
T
the King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied)
Y
your sons (the Kauravas, implied)
O
other kings (allied rulers, unspecified)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the convergence of kāla (time/fate) and human action: when destructive intent ripens, war becomes a field where moral responsibility and inevitable consequence meet. It warns that violence, once embraced, draws all parties toward ruin.

Vyāsa addresses the blind king (implied Dhṛtarāṣṭra), declaring that the death-hour has arrived for his sons and other kings. On the battlefield they have confronted each other and are poised for mutual slaughter, signaling the war’s irreversible onset.