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Shloka 13

Śākadvīpa–Pramāṇa–Varṇana

Measurements and Description of Śākadvīpa

चतुर्थ: पुष्पवान्‌ नाम पञ्चमस्तु कुशेशय: । षष्ठो हरिगिरिराम षडेते पर्वतोत्तमा:,तृतीयं सुरथाकारं चतुर्थ कम्बलं स्मृतम्‌ । धृतिमत्‌ पज्चमं वर्ष षष्ठ॑ वर्ष प्रभाकरम्‌ तीसरेका नाम सुरथाकार, चौथेका कम्बल, पाँचवेंका धृतिमान्‌ और छठे वर्षका नाम प्रभाकर है

caturthaḥ puṣpavān nāma pañcamas tu kuśeśayaḥ | ṣaṣṭho harigirirāma ṣaḍete parvatottamāḥ | tṛtīyaṃ surathākāraṃ caturthaṃ kambalaṃ smṛtam | dhṛtimat pañcamaṃ varṣa ṣaṣṭhaṃ varṣa prabhākaram |

సంజయుడు పలికెను—నాలుగవ పర్వతం ‘పుష్పవాన్’, ఐదవది ‘కుశేశయ’, ఆరవది ‘హరిగిరి’—ఇవి ఆరు శ్రేష్ఠ పర్వతాలు. అలాగే మూడవ వర్షం ‘సురథాకార’, నాలుగవది ‘కంబల’, ఐదవది ‘ధృతిమత్’, ఆరవ వర్షం ‘ప్రభాకర’ అని ప్రసిద్ధం.

चतुर्थःthe fourth
चतुर्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुष्पवान्Puṣpavān (name)
पुष्पवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुष्पवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name / named
नाम:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पञ्चमःthe fifth
पञ्चमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुand/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कुशेशयःKuśeśaya (name)
कुशेशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुशेशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
षष्ठःthe sixth
षष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootषष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हरिगिरिःHarigiri (name; lit. 'Viṣṇu-mountain')
हरिगिरिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहरिगिरि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इमेthese
इमे:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
षट्six
षट्:
Karta
TypeNumeral
Rootषट्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पर्वतmountains
पर्वत:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
उत्तमाःexcellent / best
उत्तमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तृतीयम्the third (one)
तृतीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सुरथाकारम्Surathākāra (name; lit. 'maker of good chariots')
सुरथाकारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुरथाकार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चतुर्थम्the fourth (one)
चतुर्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कम्बलम्Kambala (name)
कम्बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकम्बल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्मृतम्is remembered / is said to be
स्मृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
धृतिमत्Dhṛtimat (name; 'possessing fortitude')
धृतिमत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधृतिमत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पञ्चमम्the fifth (one)
पञ्चमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वर्षम्region/varṣa (division of land)
वर्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
षष्ठम्the sixth (one)
षष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootषष्ठ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वर्षम्region/varṣa
वर्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रभाकरम्Prabhākara (name; 'maker of light' / 'sun')
प्रभाकरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभाकर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Puṣpavān
K
Kuśeśaya
H
Harigirirāma
S
Surathākāra
K
Kambala
D
Dhṛtimat
P
Prabhākara
P
parvatottamāḥ (excellent mountains)
V
varṣa (geographical region)

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive rather than prescriptive: it models the epic’s concern for ordered knowledge—naming and classifying mountains and regions—supporting the larger narrative by situating events within a vast, structured world.

Sañjaya continues an enumeration, listing the names of certain ‘excellent mountains’ and then naming successive varṣas (regions), giving a catalog-like geographical/cosmographical description within Bhīṣma Parva.