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Shloka 39

Yuga-Lakṣaṇa and Varṣa-Pramāṇa Inquiry (युगलक्षण–वर्षप्रमाण–प्रश्न)

न तत्र राजा राजेन्द्र न दण्डो न च दण्डिक: । स्वधर्मेणैव धर्मज्ञास्ते रक्षन्ति परस्परम्‌,राजेन्द्र! वहाँ न कोई राजा है, न दण्ड है और न दण्ड देनेवाला है। वहाँके लोग धर्मके ज्ञाता हैं और स्वधर्मपालनके ही प्रभावसे एक-दूसरेकी रक्षा करते हैं

na tatra rājā rājendra na daṇḍo na ca daṇḍikaḥ | svadharmeṇaiva dharmajñās te rakṣanti parasparam ||

రాజేంద్రా! అక్కడ రాజు లేడు, దండం లేదు, దండధారి కూడా లేడు. అక్కడి ప్రజలు ధర్మజ్ఞులు; తమ తమ స్వధర్మాన్ని ఆచరించే శక్తితోనే పరస్పరం రక్షించుకుంటారు.

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra
rājāking
rājā:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootrājan
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
rājendraO king of kings
rājendra:
TypeNoun
Rootrājendra
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
nanor
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
daṇḍaḥpunishment; rod of chastisement
daṇḍaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdaṇḍa
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nanor
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
daṇḍikaḥpunisher; wielder of punishment
daṇḍikaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdaṇḍika
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
svadharmeṇaby (their) own duty
svadharmeṇa:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootsva-dharma
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
evaindeed; alone
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
dharmajñāḥknowers of dharma
dharmajñāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootdharma-jña
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
tethey
te:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
rakṣantiprotect
rakṣanti:
TypeVerb
Rootrakṣ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
parasparamone another; mutually
parasparam:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparaspara

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as rājendra)

Educational Q&A

Social harmony can arise not only from external coercion (daṇḍa) but from internalized dharma: when people know righteousness and follow their own duties (svadharma), they naturally safeguard one another without needing a ruler or punitive enforcement.

Sañjaya is describing to Dhṛtarāṣṭra an ideal condition/realm where governance by punishment is unnecessary because the inhabitants are dharma-knowing and maintain order through self-regulation and mutual responsibility.