Shloka 11

Aśvamedha-saṃbhāra: Return of the Horse, Auspicious Timing, and Construction of the Yajña Enclosure

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त: प्रत्युवाचैनं धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिर: । दिष्ट्या स कुशली जिष्णुरुपायाति च माधव,उनके ऐसा कहनेपर धर्मराज युधिष्ठिरने पुनः प्रश्न किया--“माधव! बड़े सौभाग्यकी बात है कि अर्जुन सकुशल लौट रहे हैं

Transliteration

ity uktaḥ pratyuvāca enaṃ dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | diṣṭyā sa kuśalī jiṣṇur upayāti ca mādhava ||

Translation

అలా చెప్పబడినపుడు ధర్మరాజు యుధిష్ఠిరుడు ప్రత్యుత్తరమిచ్చెను—“మాధవా! జిష్ణువు (అర్జునుడు) క్షేమంగా తిరిగి వస్తున్నాడు; ఇది మహా భాగ్యం.”

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• उक्तः: having been spoken to / addressed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वच्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• प्रत्युवाच: replied
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• धर्मराजः: King of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• धर्मराजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मराज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दिष्ट्या: fortunately / by good luck
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दिष्टि

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कुशली: well / safe / in good health
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुशलिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जिष्णुः: Jishnu (Arjuna)
• जिष्णुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिष्णु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उपायाति: comes / approaches / returns
• Type: Verb
• Root: या
• Form: Present (Laṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• माधव: O Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माधव
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja)
• Arjuna (Jiṣṇu)
• Kṛṣṇa (Mādhava)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a dharmic sensibility: even amid royal duties and great enterprises, the righteous king values human well-being and expresses gratitude for auspicious outcomes (diṣṭyā) rather than pride or entitlement.

What is happening in the narrative?

After hearing a report, Yudhiṣṭhira responds to the interlocutor and addresses Kṛṣṇa as Mādhava, expressing relief and joy that Arjuna (called Jiṣṇu) is returning unharmed.