Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 213

Adhyāya 42 — Mahābhūta–Indriya–Adhyātma-Vyavasthā

Brahmā’s Instruction on Elements and Faculties

अधिभूतं रसश्चात्र सोमस्तत्राधिदेवतम्‌ । जलको चौथा भूत समझना चाहिये। रसना उसका अध्यात्म, रस उसका अधिभूत और चन्द्रमा उसका अधिदैवत कहा जाता है

vāyudeva uvāca | adhibhūtaṃ rasaś cātra somas tatrādhidaivatam | jalakaś caturthaṃ bhūtaṃ samajñeyaḥ | rasanā tasya adhyātmaṃ, rasaḥ adhibhūtaḥ, candramāḥ tasya adhidaivataṃ ucyate |

వాయువు పలికెను—“ఇక్కడ రసము అధిభూతము; సోముడు (చంద్రుడు) అక్కడ అధిదైవతము.” జలము ఇక్కడ నాలుగవ భూతమని గ్రహించవలెను. నాలుక (రసనా) దాని అధ్యాత్మము, రసము దాని అధిభూతము, చంద్రుడు దాని అధిదైవతమని ప్రకటించబడెను.

अधिभूतम्the adhibhūta (pertaining to elements/objects)
अधिभूतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
रसःtaste/essence
रसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरस (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्रhere/in this context
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
सोमःSoma (Moon/deity)
सोमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere/in that (case)
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अधिदेवतम्the adhidevatā (presiding deity)
अधिदेवतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिदेवत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyu)
सोम (Soma)
चन्द्रमा (the Moon)
रसना (tongue)
रस (taste)
जल (water element)

Educational Q&A

The verse maps experience into a threefold framework: the inner basis (adhyātma: the tongue), the objective field (adhibhūta: taste), and the presiding divine principle (adhidaivata: Soma/Chandra). It teaches disciplined understanding of perception as structured and governed, supporting self-knowledge and ethical restraint.

Vāyu is instructing the listener in a philosophical classification of the senses and elements, explaining how the organ of taste, its object, and its deity correspond—part of a broader teaching on the constitution of embodied life and the principles that regulate it.