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Shloka 10

धृतराष्ट्राश्रमगमनम् — The Pandavas’ Procession to Dhritarashtra’s Hermitage

अपनी महिमासे कभी च्युत न होनेवाले राजा पाण्डुको तुम मरुद्गणोंसे भी श्रेष्ठतम समझो। विदुर धर्मके अंश थे। राजा युधिष्ठिर भी धर्मके ही अंश हैं ।। कलिं दुर्योधनं विद्धि शकुनिं द्वापरं तथा । दुःशासनादीन विद्धि त्वं राक्षसान्‌ शुभदर्शने

kalim duryodhanaṃ viddhi śakuniṃ dvāparaṃ tathā | duḥśāsanādīn viddhi tvaṃ rākṣasān śubhadarśane ||

వ్యాసుడు పలికెను—దుర్యోధనుడిని కలియుగ స్వరూపుడిగా, శకునిని ద్వాపర స్వరూపుడిగా తెలుసుకో. ఓ శుభదర్శినీ! దుశ్శాసనాది వారిని రాక్షస స్వభావులుగా గ్రహించు.

कलिम्Kali (the age/personification of Kali)
कलिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकलि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow; understand
विद्धि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
शकुनिम्Shakuni
शकुनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्वापरम्Dvapara (the age/personification of Dvapara)
द्वापरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्वापर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाand likewise; also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
दुःशासन-आदीन्Duhshasana and others
दुःशासन-आदीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विद्धिknow; understand
विद्धि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
राक्षसान्Rakshasas; demons
राक्षसान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शुभ-दर्शनेO fair-seeing one (one of auspicious appearance)
शुभ-दर्शने:
TypeNoun
Rootशुभदर्शन
FormNeuter, Vocative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
D
Duryodhana
Ś
Śakuni
D
Duḥśāsana
K
Kali
D
Dvāpara
R
Rākṣasas

Educational Q&A

The verse interprets key Kaurava figures as embodiments of destructive cosmic-moral forces (Kali, Dvāpara, rākṣasa-nature), teaching that adharma is not only personal vice but can appear as a larger pattern of moral degeneration that corrupts judgment, fuels cruelty, and precipitates catastrophe.

Vyāsa is explaining the deeper nature of the principal antagonists: Duryodhana is identified with Kali, Śakuni with Dvāpara, and Duḥśāsana and others as rākṣasa-like. This frames the past events of the Bhārata conflict as driven by forces of decline and violence, not merely human rivalry.