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Shloka 4

छत्रोपानहदानफलप्रशंसा — Praise of the Merit of Donating Umbrella and Footwear

भीष्म उवाच शृणु राजन्नवहितश्छत्रोपानहविस्तरम्‌ । यथैतत्‌ प्रथितं लोके यथा चैतत्‌ प्रवर्तितम्‌

bhīṣma uvāca śṛṇu rājann avahitaś chatropānahavistaram | yathaitat prathitaṃ loke yathā caitat pravartitam ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—ఓ రాజా! జాగ్రత్తగా వినుము; ఛత్రం మరియు ఉపానహౌ విషయాన్ని విస్తారంగా చెబుతాను. ఇది లోకంలో ఎలా ప్రసిద్ధమైందో, ఈ ఆచారం ఎలా ప్రారంభమైందో వినుము.

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अवहितःattentive, heedful
अवहितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअवहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
छत्रumbrella, parasol
छत्र:
TypeNoun
Rootछत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपानहshoe, sandal
उपानह:
TypeNoun
Rootउपानह्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विस्तरम्in detail, elaboration
विस्तरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविस्तर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाhow, as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रथितम्well-known, famed
प्रथितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यथाand how
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रवर्तितम्set in motion, instituted, put into practice
प्रवर्तितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवर्तित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājan (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)
C
chatra (umbrella/parasol)
U
upānah (footwear)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma frames a dharma-teaching on dāna by highlighting that even practical items like an umbrella and footwear can be ethically significant gifts; he will explain their origin and how their donation became an established, meritorious social practice.

Bhishma addresses the king and introduces a detailed account about the umbrella and footwear—specifically, how these objects and their gifting became famous in the world and how the custom of donating them began and spread.