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Shloka 8

Śrāddha-pravṛtti-kathana and Varjya-dravya-nirdeśa

Origin and Prohibitions in Śrāddha

आजेन वापि लौहेन मघास्वेव यतव्रत: । हस्तिच्छायासु विधिवत्‌ कर्णव्यजनवीजितम्‌

ājena vāpi lauhena maghāsveva yatavrataḥ | hasticchāyāsu vidhivat karṇavyajanavījitam ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—“లేదా అతడు నియమనిష్ఠతో వ్రతాన్ని ఆచరించి, మఘా నక్షత్రంలోనే, ఏనుగు నీడలో కూర్చొని, ఏనుగు చెవిని వ్యజనంలా గాలివీస్తూ, విధివిధానంగా మా శ్రాద్ధాన్ని నిర్వహించాలి—అప్పుడు బియ్యపు పాయసం గానీ, లౌహ-శాక వంటకం గానీ సమర్పించాలి.”

आजेन्with goat-meat / by (means of) goat
आजेन्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
लौहेनwith iron (food) / with lauha-vegetable
लौहेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलौह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
मघासुin (the time of) Maghā (nakṣatra)
मघासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमघा (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
एवindeed / only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
यतव्रतःone of restrained vows / observing vows
यतव्रतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयत-व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हस्ति-च्छायासुin the shade(s) of an elephant
हस्ति-च्छायासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्ति-च्छाया (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
विधिवत्according to rule / duly
विधिवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिवत् (अव्यय)
कर्ण-व्यजन-वीजितम्fanned by an ear-fan (i.e., by the elephant’s ears as fans)
कर्ण-व्यजन-वीजितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्ण-व्यजन-वीजित (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Maghā nakshatra
E
elephant (hasti)
Ś
śrāddha (ancestral rite)
P
pāyasa (rice pudding offering)
L
lauhā-śāka (named vegetable preparation)

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes disciplined observance of prescribed rites: śrāddha should be performed with proper procedure (vidhivat), appropriate offerings, and attention to auspicious timing (Maghā), showing that dharma is upheld through careful, rule-governed ancestral duty.

Bhishma is describing a specific, rule-bound mode of performing śrāddha: during the Maghā nakṣatra, the performer—steadfast in vows—sits in an elephant’s shade and is fanned by the elephant’s ears, while offering designated foods such as rice-pāyasa or lauhā-śāka, underscoring the ritual’s exacting conditions.