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Shloka 12

गोप्रदानगुणाः तथा कपिलागोविधानम्

Merits of Cow-Gift and the Origin-Account of Kapilā Cows

अक्रोधनो गोषु तथा द्विजेषु धर्मे रतो गुरुशुश्रूषकश्न । यावज्जीवं सत्यवृत्ते रतश्न दाने रतो य: क्षमी चापराधे,जो सब प्रकारके मांसोंका भोजन त्याग देता है, सदा भगवच्चिन्तनमें लगा रहता है, धर्मपरायण होता है, माता-पिताकी पूजा करता, सत्य बोलता, ब्राह्मणोंकी सेवामें संलग्न रहता, जिसकी कभी निन्दा नहीं होती, जो गौओं और ब्राह्मणोंपर कभी क्रोध नहीं करता, धर्ममें अनुरक्त रहकर गुरुजनोंकी सेवा करता है, जीवनभरके लिये सत्यका व्रत ले लेता है, दानमें प्रवृत्त रहकर किसीके अपराध करनेपर भी उसे क्षमा कर देता है, जिसका स्वभाव मृदुल है, जो जितेन्द्रिय, देवाराधक, सबका आतिथ्य-सत्कार करनेवाला और दयालु है, ऐसे ही गुणोंवाला मनुष्य उस सनातन एवं अविनाशी गोलोकमें जाता है

pitāmaha uvāca | akrodhano goṣu tathā dvijeṣu dharme rato guruśuśrūṣakaś ca | yāvajjīvaṃ satyavr̥tte rataś ca dāne rato yaḥ kṣamī cāparādhe |

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—గోవుల పట్ల, ద్విజుల (బ్రాహ్మణుల) పట్ల క్రోధరహితుడై, ధర్మంలో రమిస్తూ గురుజనుల సేవ చేసే వాడు; జీవితాంతం సత్యాచరణలో ఆనందించే వాడు, దానంలో నిమగ్నుడై, అపరాధం జరిగినా క్షమించే వాడు—అటువంటి వాడు ఈ గుణాలతో యుక్తుడై సనాతనమైన, అవినాశి గోలోకాన్ని పొందుతాడు।

अक्रोधनःfree from anger
अक्रोधनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्रोधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गोषुtowards/among cows
गोषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
द्विजेषुtowards/among brahmins (twice-born)
द्विजेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
धर्मेin dharma
धर्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
रतःdevoted/engaged
रतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गुरु-शुश्रूषकःone who serves the teacher/elders
गुरु-शुश्रूषकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशुश्रूषक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यावत्-जीवम्as long as one lives; lifelong
यावत्-जीवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजीव
सत्य-वृत्तेin truthful conduct/vow
सत्य-वृत्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
रतःdevoted/engaged
रतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दानेin giving/charity
दाने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
रतःdevoted/engaged
रतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षमीforbearing; forgiving
क्षमी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षमिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपराधेin case of an offense; upon wrongdoing
अपराधे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअपराध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

पितामह उवाच

B
Bhishma (Pitamaha)
C
cows (go)
B
Brahmins / twice-born (dvija)
G
Goloka (implied by the accompanying prose context)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that a dharmic life is defined by disciplined non-anger (especially toward protected beings like cows and revered communities like Brahmins), lifelong truthfulness, service to elders/teachers, generosity, and forgiveness; these virtues are presented as the cause of attaining an imperishable divine realm.

In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma (lying on the bed of arrows) instructs Yudhishthira on dharma. Here he lists specific ethical qualities—non-anger, truth, guru-service, charity, and forgiveness—and links them to the spiritual fruit of reaching an eternal abode (Goloka in the broader passage).