Shloka 19

कल्मषं गुरुशुश्रूषा हन्ति मानो महद्‌ यश: । अपुत्रतां त्रय: पुत्रा अवृत्तिं दश धेनव:,गुरुजनोंकी सेवा सारे पापोंका नाश कर देती है। अभिमान महान्‌ यशको नष्ट कर देता है। तीन पुत्र पुत्रहीनताके दोषका निवारण कर देते हैं और दूध देनेवाली दस गौएँ हों तो ये जीविकाके अभावको दूर कर देती हैं

kalmaṣaṁ guruśuśrūṣā hanti māno mahad yaśaḥ | aputratāṁ trayaḥ putrā avṛttiṁ daśa dhenavaḥ ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—గురువుల సేవా-శుశ్రూష కల్మషమును, పాపమును నశింపజేయును; కాని అహంకారము మహత్తర యశస్సునకూడా వినాశకారకము. మూడు కుమారులు పుత్రహీనత దుఃఖమును తొలగించుదురు; పాలు ఇచ్చే పది ఆవులు జీవనోపాధి లోపమును పోగొట్టుదురు।

कल्मषम्sin, impurity
कल्मषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकल्मष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गुरु-शुश्रूषाservice to the teacher/elders
गुरु-शुश्रूषा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशुश्रूषा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
हन्तिdestroys
हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मानःpride, arrogance
मानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यशःfame, reputation
यशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयशस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपुत्रताम्childlessness
अपुत्रताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअपुत्रता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अवृत्तिम्lack of livelihood, non-maintenance
अवृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दशten
दश:
TypeAdjective
Rootदशन्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
धेनवःmilch-cows
धेनवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
G
guru (elders/teachers)
S
sons (putrāḥ)
M
milk-giving cows (dhenavaḥ)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches that humble service to elders/teachers purifies one’s conduct and removes sin, while pride undermines even established fame. He also notes traditional markers of household security: sons for continuity of lineage and cows for sustaining livelihood—implying that dharmic life rests on humility, duty, and stable means.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma continues instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma from his bed of arrows. Here he offers concise, proverbial guidance: praising service to gurus, warning against pride, and describing conventional supports of a householder’s life (sons and cattle) as remedies for social and economic vulnerability.