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Shloka 19

च्यवन-कुशिक-संवादः

Cyavana–Kuśika Dialogue on Hospitality, Service, and Lineage Questions

भरतनन्दन! कहीं-कहीं कृत्रिम पुत्र भी देखा जाता है। वह ग्रहण करने या अपना मान लेने मात्रसे ही अपना हो जाता है। वहाँ वीर्य या क्षेत्र कोई भी उसके पुत्रत्व-निश्चयमें कारण होता दिखायी नहीं देता ।। युधिष्ठिर उदाच कीदृश: कृतक: पुत्र: संग्रहादेव लक्ष्यते । शुक्र क्षेत्र प्रमाणं वा यत्र लक्ष्यंन भारत,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--भारत! जहाँ वीर्य या क्षेत्र पुत्रत्वके निश्चयमें प्रमाण नहीं देखा जाता, जो संग्रह करने मात्रसे ही अपने पुत्रके रूपमें दिखायी देने लगता है वह कृत्रिम पुत्र कैसा होता है?

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | kīdṛśaḥ kṛtakaḥ putraḥ saṃgrahād eva lakṣyate | śukra-kṣetra-pramāṇaṃ vā yatra lakṣyaṃ na bhārata ||

యుధిష్ఠిరుడు అడిగెను—ఓ భారతా! కేవలం సంగ్రహం (స్వీకారం) వల్లనే కుమారుడిగా గుర్తింపబడే, మరియు కుమారత్వ నిర్ణయంలో శుక్రమో క్షేత్రమో ప్రమాణంగా కనిపించని ‘కృతక’ కుమారుడు ఎలాంటి వాడు?

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कीदृशःof what kind?
कीदृशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतकःartificial, adopted (made)
कृतकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संग्रहात्from acceptance/adoption
संग्रहात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्रह
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
लक्ष्यतेis seen/appears
लक्ष्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootलक्ष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada (Passive sense)
शुक्रseed, semen
शुक्र:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशुक्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
क्षेत्रfield (womb/lineage)
क्षेत्र:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रमाणम्proof, criterion
प्रमाणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
लक्ष्यम्that which is seen/observed (as a mark)
लक्ष्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलक्ष्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भरतO Bhārata
भरत:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhārata (address/title)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharma-legal inquiry: in some cases, sonship is established not by biological criteria (seed and womb) but by social-ritual acceptance. It highlights that recognized kinship can be constituted through lawful adoption/acceptance, raising questions about the valid criteria for inheritance and familial duty.

During Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira asks for clarification about the category of ‘kṛtaka putra’—a son who becomes one’s own simply by being taken/accepted—especially where biological proof (śukra and kṣetra) is not the basis for determining sonship.