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Shloka 49

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

क्षत्रियाया हरेत्‌ पुत्रश्नतुरोंडशान्‌ पितुर्धनात्‌ । युद्धावहारिकं यच्च पितु: स्थात्‌ स हरेत्‌ तु तत्‌

kṣatriyāyā haret putraś caturthoṃśān pitur dhanāt | yuddhāvahārikaṃ yac ca pituḥ syāt sa haret tu tat ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—క్షత్రియుని కుమారుడు పితృధనములోనుండి నాలుగు భాగములు గ్రహించవలెను; తండ్రికి చెందిన యుద్ధోపకరణములు, ఆయుధసామగ్రి ఏదైతే ఉందో, అది కూడా అతడే తీసుకొనవలెను.

क्षत्रियायाःof a Kshatriya woman
क्षत्रियायाः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिया
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
हरेत्should take/should inherit
हरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुत्रःthe son
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चतुरःfour
चतुरः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अंशान्shares/parts
अंशान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअंश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पितुःof the father
पितुः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
धनात्from the wealth
धनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
युद्धwar/battle
युद्ध:
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Stem (compound member), Singular
आहारिकम्pertaining to equipment/implements (for use)
आहारिकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआहारिक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत्whatever/that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पितुःof the father
पितुः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
स्यात्should be/may be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हरेत्should take
हरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तुindeed/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
Kshatriya (social class)
S
son
F
father
P
paternal wealth
W
war equipment (yuddhāvahārika)

Educational Q&A

The verse states a dharma-based inheritance rule: a Kshatriya son is allotted a defined portion of paternal property and is specifically entitled to the father’s war-gear, emphasizing readiness to fulfill protective and martial obligations.

Bhishma is instructing on norms of conduct and law (dharma), here detailing how inheritance is apportioned for a Kshatriya household, including the transfer of martial equipment to the son.