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Shloka 12

Varṇasaṃkara: Causes, Classifications, and Conduct-based Recognition (वर्णसंकरः—हेतु-जाति-आचारनिर्णयः)

मातुश्न यौतकं॑ यत्‌ स्यात्‌ कुमारी भाग एव सः । दौहित्र एव तद्‌ रिक्थमपुत्रस्य पितुर्हरेत्‌,माताको दहेजमें जो धन मिलता है उसपर कनन्‍्याका ही अधिकार है; अतः: जिसके कोई पुत्र नहीं है उसके धनको पानेका अधिकारी उसका दौहित्र (नाती) ही है। वही उस धनको ले सकता है

Bhīṣma uvāca — mātuḥ yautakaṃ yat syāt kumārī-bhāga eva saḥ | dauhitra eva tad riktham aputrasya pituḥ haret ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—మాతృయౌతకంగా వచ్చిన ధనం నిజంగా కన్యకే భాగం. అందువల్ల పుత్రుడు లేని మనిషి ధనాన్ని పొందవలసిన హక్కు దౌహిత్రుడికే (కుమార్తె కుమారునికే); అతడే ఆ వారసత్వాన్ని గ్రహించాలి.

मातुःof the mother
मातुः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
यौतकंdowry/nuptial gift
यौतकं:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयौतकम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
यत्which/whatever
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
स्यात्may be / would be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कुमारीof the maiden/daughter
कुमारी:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकुमारी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
भागःshare/right
भागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सःthat/it (is)
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दौहित्रःdaughter's son (grandson through daughter)
दौहित्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदौहित्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तत्that (property)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रिक्थम्inheritance/estate
रिक्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरिक्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपुत्रस्यof one without a son
अपुत्रस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootअपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पितुःof the father
पितुः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
हरेत्should take/should inherit
हरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootहृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
mother (mātṛ)
M
maiden daughter (kumārī)
M
maternal grandson (dauhitra)
D
dowry/nuptial gift (yautaka)
I
inheritance/estate (riktha)

Educational Q&A

A mother’s yautaka (dowry/nuptial property) is treated as the daughter’s rightful share; consequently, if a man dies sonless, the daughter’s son (dauhitra) is the proper heir to that estate, preserving the line of entitlement through the daughter.

In the Anushasana Parva’s dharma-instruction setting, Bhishma lays down a rule of inheritance: he clarifies who has claim over dowry-derived wealth and who inherits when there is no son—identifying the dauhitra as the legitimate recipient.