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Shloka 16

Dāyavibhāga (Inheritance Apportionment) and Household Precedence — Dialogue of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīṣma

त्रीणि वर्षाण्युदी क्षेत्र कन्या ऋतुमती सती । चतुर्थे त्वथ सम्प्राप्ते स्वयं भर्तारमर्जयेत्‌,(यदि पिता, भ्राता आदि अभिभावक ऋतुमती होनेके पहले कन्याका विवाह न कर दें तो) ऋतुमती होनेके पश्चात्‌ तीन वर्षतक कन्या अपने विवाहकी बाट देखे। चौथा वर्ष लगनेपर वह स्वयं ही किसीको अपना पति बना ले

trīṇi varṣāṇy udīkṣeta kanyā ṛtumatī satī | caturthe tv atha samprāpte svayaṃ bhartāram arjayet ||

భీష్ముడు చెప్పెను—కన్య ఋతుమతీ అయిన తరువాత మూడు సంవత్సరములు వివాహమునకు వేచియుండాలి. నాలుగవ సంవత్సరం వచ్చినపుడు ఆమె స్వయంగా భర్తను సంపాదించుకొనవచ్చును.

त्रीणिthree
त्रीणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
वर्षाणिyears
वर्षाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
उदीक्षेतshould wait/expect
उदीक्षेत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-ईक्ष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कन्याthe maiden/daughter
कन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
ऋतुमतीhaving reached puberty
ऋतुमती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootऋतुमत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सतीbeing; as one who is
सती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
चतुर्थेin the fourth (year)
चतुर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्थ
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अथthen/thereupon
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
सम्प्राप्तेwhen (it) has arrived/come
सम्प्राप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Locative, Singular
स्वयम्herself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
भर्तारम्husband
भर्तारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अर्जयेत्should obtain/choose
अर्जयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
kanyā (a maiden)

Educational Q&A

Guardians should not postpone arranging a marriage after a girl reaches maturity; if they neglect this duty, dharma permits the maiden, after waiting three years, to choose and secure a husband herself in the fourth year.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma (Anuśāsana Parva), he lays down a normative rule about the timing of marriage for a maiden who has reached puberty, specifying a three-year waiting period and then allowing self-choice if guardians fail to act.