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Shloka 5

ब्राह्मणपूजा-राजधर्मः | Royal Duty of Honoring Learned Brahmins

भीष्म उवाच शृणु राजन्‌ यथा राजा वीतहव्यो महायशा: । राजर्षिर्दिलभ प्राप्तो ब्राह्मण्यं लोकसत्कृतम्‌,भीष्मजीने कहा--राजन्‌! महायशस्वी राजर्षि राजा वीतहव्यने जिस प्रकार लोकसम्मानित दुर्लभ ब्राह्मणत्व प्राप्त किया था, उसे बताता हूँ, सुनो

bhīṣma uvāca | śṛṇu rājan yathā rājā vītahavyo mahāyaśāḥ | rājarṣir durlabha-prāpto brāhmaṇyaṁ loka-satkṛtam ||

భీష్ముడు అన్నాడు—రాజా, విను. మహాయశస్సుగల రాజర్షి వీతహవ్య రాజు లోకసత్కృతమైన, దుర్లభమైన బ్రాహ్మణత్వాన్ని ఏ విధంగా పొందాడో నేను వివరిస్తాను।

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यथाhow; in what manner
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वीतहव्यःVītahavya (proper name)
वीतहव्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीतहव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महायशाःof great fame
महायशाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहायशस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजर्षिःroyal sage
राजर्षिः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजर्षि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्लभम्rare; hard to obtain
दुर्लभम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्लभ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्तःhaving obtained; attained
प्राप्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formक्त (past passive participle used actively), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मण्यम्Brahminhood; the status of a Brahmin
ब्राह्मण्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
लोकसत्कृतम्honored by the world; publicly revered
लोकसत्कृतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootलोक-सत्कृत
Formक्त (PPP of सत्+कृ), Neuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
V
Vītahavya
R
Rājan (the king being addressed)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma introduces an example meant to illustrate that true spiritual and ethical attainment can confer honored status (here, brahminhood) beyond mere birth, and that society rightly venerates genuine virtue and realized conduct.

Bhishma addresses the king and begins a didactic story: he will explain how the famed royal sage King Vītahavya came to attain the rare, world-respected condition of brahminhood.