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Shloka 16

तीर्थवंशोपदेशः

Tīrtha-vaṃśa Upadeśa: Instruction on the Fruits of Sacred Waters

राजन! जो गाते-बजाते, नाचते, खेल-कूदकर तमाशा दिखाते, व्यर्थकी बातें बनाते और पहलवानी करते हैं, वे भी निमन्त्रण पानेके अधिकारी नहीं हैं ।।

rājan! hotāro vṛṣalānāṃ ca vṛṣalādhyāpakās tathā | tathā vṛṣalaśiṣyāś ca rājan nārhanti ketanam ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—ఓ నరేశ్వరా! శూద్రుల యజ్ఞాలకు హోతలుగా ఉండువారు, వారికి బోధించువారు, అలాగే వారి శిష్యులై వారి వద్ద విద్యను గ్రహించువారు—ఇవరు శ్రాద్ధాది కర్మలలో ఆహ్వానయోగ్యులు కారు।

hotāraḥpriests (hotṛs)
hotāraḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Roothotṛ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
vṛṣalānāmof śūdras / low-born men
vṛṣalānām:
TypeNoun
Rootvṛṣala
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
vṛṣalādhyāpakāḥteachers of śūdras
vṛṣalādhyāpakāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootvṛṣala-adhyāpaka
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
tathālikewise
tathā:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā
vṛṣalaśiṣyāḥstudents (disciples) of śūdras
vṛṣalaśiṣyāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootvṛṣala-śiṣya
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
rājanO king
rājan:
TypeNoun
Rootrājan
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
arhantiare entitled / deserve
arhanti:
TypeVerb
Rootarh
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
ketanaminvitation / summons (to a rite)
ketanam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootketana
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājan (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)
V
vṛṣala (Śūdra, in this dharma-context usage)

Educational Q&A

The verse lays down a rule of ritual eligibility: for formal invitations connected with rites (especially śrāddha-type hospitality), one should avoid inviting persons whose ritual roles and educational ties are considered improper within the text’s dharma framework—specifically, those who officiate for, teach, or study under those labeled vṛṣala.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs King Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and proper conduct. Here he is enumerating categories of people regarded as unfit to be invited to certain ceremonial meals/rites, continuing a broader discussion on rules of hospitality and ritual purity.