Shloka 21

अध्याय १६ — शङ्कर-उमा-वरदानम् तथा तण्डि-स्तुतिः (Śaṅkara–Umā Boon-Granting and Taṇḍi’s Hymn)

Devanagari script

आप ही स्वर्ग और मोक्ष हैं। आप ही काम और क्रोध हैं तथा आप ही सत्त्व, रज, तम, अधोलोक और ऊर्ध्वलोक हैं

Transliteration

āpa hī svarga aura mokṣa haiṃ | āpa hī kāma aura krodha haiṃ tathā āpa hī sattva, rajas, tamas, adholoka aura ūrdhvaloka haiṃ |

Translation

నీవే స్వర్గమును, మోక్షమును. నీవే కామమును, క్రోధమును; మరియు నీవే సత్త్వము, రజస్సు, తమస్సు—అధోలోకమును, ఊర్ధ్వలోకమును కూడ.

Word by Word

• आप: you
• आप: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Prathama, Eka

• हि: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• स्वर्गः: heaven
• स्वर्गः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्ग
• Form: Puṁ, Prathama, Eka

• मोक्षः: liberation
• मोक्षः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोक्ष
• Form: Puṁ, Prathama, Eka

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• कामः: desire
• कामः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम
• Form: Puṁ, Prathama, Eka

• क्रोधः: anger
• क्रोधः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध
• Form: Puṁ, Prathama, Eka

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सत्त्वम्: sattva (purity/clarity)
• सत्त्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्त्व
• Form: Napुं, Prathama, Eka

• रजः: rajas (activity/passion)
• रजः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस्
• Form: Napुं, Prathama, Eka

• तमः: tamas (darkness/inertia)
• तमः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस्
• Form: Napुं, Prathama, Eka

• अधोलोकः: lower world
• अधोलोकः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधोलोक
• Form: Puṁ, Prathama, Eka

• ऊर्ध्वलोकः: upper world
• ऊर्ध्वलोकः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊर्ध्वलोक
• Form: Puṁ, Prathama, Eka

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyu (Wind-god)
• Svarga
• Mokṣa
• Adholoka
• Ūrdhvaloka
• Sattva
• Rajas
• Tamas
• Kāma
• Krodha

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

All opposites—heaven and liberation, desire and anger, higher and lower worlds, and even the three guṇas—are presented as manifestations of the one supreme reality. Ethically, it urges seeing passions like kāma and krodha as forces to be understood and mastered within a larger spiritual framework, not as independent powers.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyu-deva is speaking in praise and theological identification, attributing cosmic functions and psychological forces to the addressed supreme principle. The verse functions as a doctrinal affirmation within the Anuśāsana Parva’s broader instruction on dharma and spiritual understanding.