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Shloka 306

Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda

Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity

किमर्थ पितरस्तस्य कव्यमेव च भुड्जते । इसी प्रकार यदि गुरुजनोंकी आज्ञाके अनुसार मध्यम पिण्ड पत्नी ही खाती है तो उसके पितर किस प्रकार उस पिण्डका उपभोग करते हैं?

kimarthaṁ pitaras tasya kavyam eva ca bhuñjate |

దేవదూత అన్నాడు— “ఆ మనిషి పితృదేవతలు కేవలం కావ్యము (శ్రాద్ధార్పణము)నే ఎందుకు భుజిస్తారు? అలాగే పెద్దల ఆజ్ఞ ప్రకారం మధ్య పిండాన్ని భార్యే తినితే, అతని పితరులు ఆ పిండాన్ని ఏ విధంగా అనుభవిస్తారు?”

किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
अर्थम्purpose/reason
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पितरःthe ancestors (manes)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
तस्यof him/of that
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
कव्यम्funerary offering (to ancestors)
कव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकव्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भुञ्जतेthey partake/eat/enjoy
भुञ्जते:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
Formpresent, third, plural, ātmanepada

देवदूत उवाच

D
devadūta (divine messenger)
P
pitaraḥ (Pitṛs/ancestors)
K
kavya (ancestral offering)
P
piṇḍa (funeral rice-ball offering)
P
patnī (wife)
G
gurujana (elders)

Educational Q&A

The verse raises a dharma-question about how Śrāddha offerings reach the Pitṛs when ritual roles or consumption rules vary—highlighting that ancestral benefit depends on correct intention, authorized procedure, and the dharmic framework governing offerings (kavya/piṇḍa).

A divine messenger questions the mechanics and rationale of ancestral enjoyment of Śrāddha offerings: why the Pitṛs partake of kavya, and how they receive the ‘middle piṇḍa’ if, by elders’ instruction, the wife consumes it—setting up an explanation of ritual transmission and dharmic authorization.