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Shloka 16

Kīṭopākhyāna: Prajā-pālana as Kṣatra-vrata and the Attainment of Brāhmaṇya

प्राणदानात्‌ परं दानं न भूतं न भविष्यति । न हात्मन: प्रियतरं किंचिदस्तीह निश्चितम्‌

prāṇadānāt paraṃ dānaṃ na bhūtaṃ na bhaviṣyati | na hi ātmanaḥ priyataram kiñcid astīha niścitam |

భీష్ముడు అన్నాడు—ప్రాణదానాన్ని మించిన దానం గతంలో లేదు, భవిష్యత్తులోనూ ఉండదు. ఎందుకంటే ఇక్కడ నిశ్చయం: తన ప్రాణాలకంటే ప్రియమైనది మరొకటి లేదు.

प्राणदानात्than the gift of life
प्राणदानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणदान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
परम्higher/superior
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दानम्gift, charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भूतम्has been (in the past)
भूतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भविष्यतिwill be
भविष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्रियतरम्dearer (more beloved)
प्रियतरम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रियतर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
किंचित्anything (at all)
किंचित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिंचित्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (Laṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इहhere, in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
निश्चितम्certain, settled
निश्चितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिश्चित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

The highest form of charity is prāṇadāna—protecting or giving life—because one’s own life is the dearest possession; therefore relinquishing it (or risking it) for another is the supreme ethical gift.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira about the hierarchy of gifts and virtues, emphasizing that saving or giving life surpasses all other forms of giving.