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Shloka 36

Śukra’s Ultimatum and Devayānī’s Demand (शुक्र-प्रतिज्ञा तथा देवयानी-वर-याचना)

स शाश्वती: समा राजन्‌ प्रजा धर्मेण पालयन्‌ | जरामार्च्छन्महाघोरां नाहुषो रूपनाशिनीम्‌,राजन! वे सर्वदा धर्मपूर्वक प्रजाका पालन करते थे। एक समय नहुषपुत्र ययातिको अत्यन्त भयानक वृद्धावस्था प्राप्त हुई, जो रूप और सौन्दर्यका नाश करनेवाली है

sa śāśvatīḥ samā rājan prajā dharmeṇa pālayan | jarām ārcchan mahāghorāṃ nāhuṣo rūpanāśinīm ||

వైశంపాయనుడు పలికెను—ఓ రాజా, అతడు దీర్ఘకాలము ధర్మమునుబట్టి ప్రజలను పాలించెను. కాలక్రమేణ నహుషుని కుమారుడైన యయాతిని అత్యంత భయంకరమైన వృద్ధాప్యము ఆవరించెను; అది రూపసౌందర్యములను నాశనము చేయునది.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शाश्वतीःeverlasting, perpetual
शाश्वतीः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशाश्वत
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
समाःyears
समाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसम (वर्ष)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
धर्मेणby righteousness, according to dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पालयन्protecting, ruling
पालयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपाल्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
जराम्old age
जराम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजरा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आर्च्छत्reached, came upon
आर्च्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootऋच्छ् (आ-ऋच्छ्)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाघोराम्very dreadful
महाघोराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाघोर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
नाहुषःNahusha
नाहुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootनाहुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रूपनाशिनीम्destroying beauty/form
रूपनाशिनीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरूपनाशिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
N
Nahusha
Y
Yayāti
R
rājan (the king addressed, i.e., Janamejaya)

Educational Q&A

Even a ruler who governs righteously cannot escape jarā (old age). The verse frames ethical kingship—protecting subjects by dharma—against the inevitability of bodily decline, highlighting impermanence and the limits of worldly power.

The narrator describes a period of sustained dharmic rule, then marks a turning point: Yayāti, son of Nahusha, is suddenly afflicted by a dreadful old age that ruins beauty—setting up the ensuing events connected with his response to aging.