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Shloka 42

Ādi-parva Adhyāya 3 — Janamejaya’s Rite, Dhaumya’s Parīkṣā, and Uttanka’s Kuṇḍala Quest (सर्पसत्रप्रस्तावना–गुरुपरीक्षा–उत्तङ्कोपाख्यान)

तमुपाध्याय: प्रत्युवाच नैषा न्याय्या गुरुवृत्तिरन्येषामपि भैक्ष्योपजीविनां वृत्त्युपरोधं करोषि इत्येवं वर्तमानो लुब्धोडसीति,यह सुनकर उपाध्यायने कहा--“यह न्याययुक्त एवं श्रेष्ठ वृत्ति नहीं है। तुम ऐसा करके दूसरे भिक्षाजीवी लोगोंकी जीविकामें बाधा डालते हो; अतः लोभी हो (तुम्हें दुबारा भिक्षा नहीं लानी चाहिये)”

tam upādhyāyaḥ pratyuvāca—naiṣā nyāyyā guru-vṛttir anyeṣām api bhaikṣyopajīvināṁ vṛtty-uparodhaṁ karoṣi; ity evaṁ vartamāno lubdho ’si.

ఇది విని ఉపాధ్యాయుడు అన్నాడు—“ఇది న్యాయమైనది గానీ, శ్రేష్ఠమైన జీవనవృత్తి గానీ కాదు. ఇలా చేస్తే భిక్షపై జీవించే ఇతరుల జీవనోపాధికి కూడా నీవు అడ్డంకి అవుతావు; ఈ విధంగా ప్రవర్తించడం వల్ల నీవు లోభిగా కనిపిస్తున్నావు. కాబట్టి మళ్లీ భిక్ష కోసం వెళ్లకూడదు.”

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपाध्यायःthe teacher
उपाध्यायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपाध्याय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रत्युवाचreplied
प्रत्युवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-√वच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषाthis (practice)
एषा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
न्याय्याproper, just
न्याय्या:
TypeAdjective
Rootन्याय्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गुरु-वृत्तिःa teacher's livelihood/means of living
गुरु-वृत्तिः:
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अन्येषाम्of others
अन्येषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
भैक्ष्य-उपजीविनाम्of those who live by alms
भैक्ष्य-उपजीविनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउपजीविन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वृत्ति-उपरोधम्obstruction of livelihood
वृत्ति-उपरोधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपरोध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
करोषिyou do, you cause
करोषि:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormPresent (Laṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वर्तमानःacting/behaving (thus)
वर्तमानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootवर्तमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present active participle (Śatṛ)
लुब्धःgreedy
लुब्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootलुब्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Root√अस्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

राम उवाच

R
Rāma
U
Upādhyāya (teacher/preceptor)
B
bhaikṣyopajīvin (alms-dependent people)

Educational Q&A

A livelihood must be pursued in a way that is fair and non-harmful to others. Even if one can obtain alms or resources, doing so in a manner that blocks others’ subsistence—especially the truly needy—violates propriety (nyāya/dharma) and reveals greed.

After hearing Rāma’s conduct regarding obtaining alms, the teacher (upādhyāya) responds with a moral reprimand: such behavior is not befitting a guru-like role, because it interferes with the livelihood of other alms-dependent people; therefore the teacher labels the conduct as greedy and discourages repeating it.