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Shloka 30

बक-राक्षसस्य आह्वानम् तथा वृक्षयुद्धम्

Summons of Baka and the Tree-Weapon Engagement

अयं नीलाम्बुदश्यामो नरेष्वप्रतिमो<र्जुन: । शेते प्राकृतववद्‌ भूमौ ततो दुःखतरं नु किम्‌,“मनुष्योंमें जिनकी कहीं समता नहीं है, वे नील मेघके समान श्याम कान्तिवाले अर्जुन आज प्राकृत जनोंकी भाँति पृथ्वीपर सो रहे हैं; इससे महान्‌ दुःख और क्या हो सकता है

ayaṃ nīlāmbudaśyāmo nareṣv apratimo 'rjunaḥ | śete prākṛtavad bhūmau tato duḥkhataraṃ nu kim ||

వైశంపాయనుడు పలికెను—వర్షభార నీలమేఘంలా శ్యామవర్ణుడై, మనుష్యులలో సాటిలేని అర్జునుడు నేడు సామాన్యునివలె నిరావరణ భూమిపై పడి నిద్రిస్తున్నాడు; దీనికన్నా గొప్ప దుఃఖం ఇంకేముంటుంది?

अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नीलाम्बुदश्यामःdark like a blue cloud
नीलाम्बुदश्यामः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनीलाम्बुद-श्याम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नरेषुamong men
नरेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
अप्रतिमःunmatched, incomparable
अप्रतिमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-प्रतिम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शेतेlies down, sleeps
शेते:
TypeVerb
Rootशी (शयने)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
प्राकृतवत्like an ordinary person
प्राकृतवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राकृतवत्
भूमौon the ground
भूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
ततःtherefore, from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
दुःखतरम्more painful, more sorrowful
दुःखतरम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखतर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed, then (emphatic particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
किम्what?
किम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
E
Earth/ground (bhūmi)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the fragility of worldly status: even the greatest among humans can be brought low by circumstance. It evokes compassion and moral urgency by showing how suffering can overturn outward glory, prompting reflection on duty (dharma) and the proper response to another’s misfortune.

The narrator Vaiśampāyana points to Arjuna—renowned and peerless—now lying on the ground like an ordinary man. The image underscores a moment of intense distress and humiliation, emphasizing how extraordinary heroes can be reduced to helplessness, thereby intensifying the pathos of the situation.