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Shloka 53

Hiḍimba’s Approach and Hiḍimbā’s Warning to Bhīmasena (हिडिम्बागमनम् / हिडिम्बा-भयवचनम्)

शपथेनाप्यरिं हन्यादर्थदानेन वा पुनः । विषेण मायया वापि नोपेक्षेत कथंचन । उभौ चेत्‌ संशयोपेतौ श्रद्धावांस्तत्र वर्द्धते,सौगंध खाकर, धन अथवा जहर देकर या धोखेसे भी शत्रुको मार डाले। किसी तरह भी उसकी उपेक्षा न करे। यदि दोनों राजा समानरूपसे विजयके लिये यत्नशील हों और उनकी जीत संदेहास्पद जान पड़ती हो तो उनमें भी जो मेरे इस नीतिपूर्ण कथनपर श्रद्धा- विश्वास रखता है, वही उन्नतिको प्राप्त होता है

śapathenāpy ariṃ hanyād arthadānena vā punaḥ | viṣeṇa māyayā vāpi nopekṣeta kathaṃcana | ubhau cet saṃśayopetau śraddhāvāṃs tatra varddhate ||

శపథాన్ని ఉపాయంగా చేసుకున్నా, ధనం ఇచ్చినా, విషంతో గానీ మాయా-కపటంతో గానీ శత్రువును సంహరించాలి; ఏ విధంగానూ అతనిని నిర్లక్ష్యం చేయకూడదు. ఇద్దరు రాజులు సమానంగా విజయయత్నంలో ఉండి ఫలితం సందేహాస్పదంగా కనిపిస్తే, ఈ నీతియుక్త ఉపదేశంపై విశ్వాసమున్నవాడే పైచేయి పొందుతాడు.

शपथेनby an oath
शपथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशपथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अरिम्enemy
अरिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअरि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हन्यात्should kill
हन्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अर्थदानेनby giving wealth (bribery)
अर्थदानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थदान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
पुनःagain/also
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
विषेणby poison
विषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविष
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
माययाby deceit/stratagem
मायया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमाया
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपेक्षेतshould neglect/ignore
उपेक्षेत:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-ईक्ष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
कथंचनin any way/at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
उभौboth (two)
उभौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
संशयोपेतौattended by doubt; doubtful
संशयोपेतौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंशयोपेत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
श्रद्धावान्one who has faith
श्रद्धावान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रद्धावत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere/in that situation
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
वर्द्धतेgrows/prospers
वर्द्धते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

कणिक उवाच

K
Kaṇika
A
ari (enemy)
T
two kings (ubhau rājānau implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches an aggressively pragmatic doctrine of kingship: an enemy should not be ignored, and victory may be pursued through any effective means—oaths, bribery, poison, or deception. In a contested struggle where success is uncertain, the party that firmly trusts and applies such policy-counsel is said to prosper.

Kaṇika is delivering hard-edged political counsel (rājanīti) within the Adi Parva context, urging a ruler to adopt uncompromising measures against rivals. The verse frames a scenario of two evenly matched kings and claims that adherence to this strategic doctrine becomes the decisive advantage.