Shloka 3

Vāraṇāvata-prasaṃsā and the Pāṇḍavas’ Departure (वरणावत-प्रशंसा तथा पाण्डव-प्रयाणम्)

Devanagari script

सक्रोधामर्षजिद्दय भ्रू: कषघायीकृतलोचन: । ऐश्वर्यमदसम्पन्नो द्रोणं राजाब्रवीदिदम्‌

Transliteration

sa krodhāmarṣa-jid-darpaḥ kaṣāyīkṛta-locanaḥ | aiśvarya-mada-sampanno droṇaṃ rājābravīd idam ||

Translation

కోపం, అవమానభావం వల్ల అతని కనుబొమ్మలు ముడుచుకొని, కళ్ళు ఎర్రబడినవి; రాజ్యైశ్వర్య మదంతో మత్తుడై రాజు ద్రోణునితో ఇలా అన్నాడు.

Word by Word

• सक्रोध: with anger, angry
• सक्रोध: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सक्रोध (क्रोध)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अमर्षजित्: overcome by indignation / having conquered patience (i.e., impatient)
• अमर्षजित्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमर्षजित् (अमर्ष + जि)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भ्रूः: eyebrow
• भ्रूः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रू
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• कषघायीकृतलोचनः: whose eyes were made reddish (bloodshot)
• कषघायीकृतलोचनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कषघायीकृतलोचन (लोचन)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ऐश्वर्यमदसम्पन्नः: endowed with the intoxication of power/sovereignty
• ऐश्वर्यमदसम्पन्नः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऐश्वर्यमदसम्पन्न (सम्पन्न)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• द्रोणम्: Drona (to Drona)
• द्रोणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अब्रवीत्: said, spoke
• अब्रवीत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular

• इदम्: this (speech/words)
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Droṇa
• the king (rājā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger (krodha), resentment (amarṣa), and pride (darpa), intensified by the intoxication of power and wealth (aiśvarya-mada), cloud perception and lead rulers toward ethically compromised speech and action—an implicit warning for governance aligned with dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes the king’s visible transformation—furrowed brows and reddened eyes—showing his agitation. In that state, he turns to Droṇa and begins to speak, introducing a consequential exchange shaped by the king’s emotional and political intoxication.