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Shloka 11

Droṇotpattiḥ and Dhanurveda-Prāpti

Origin of Droṇa and Acquisition of Martial Science

सर्वभूतान्‌ प्रति यथा तपन: शिशिरात्यये । स विजित्य गृहीत्वा च नृपतीन्‌ राजसत्तम:,'राजा व्युषिताश्व॒ समस्त भूतोंके प्रीतिपात्र थे। राजाओंमें श्रेष्ठ प्रतापी व्युषिताश्वने अश्वमेध नामक महान्‌ यजञ्ञमें पूर्व, उत्तर, पश्चिम और दक्षिण--चारों दिशाओंके राजाओंको जीतकर अपने वशमें कर लिया--ठीक जिस प्रकार शिशिरकालके अन्तमें भगवान्‌ सूर्य- देव सभी प्राणियोंपर विजय कर लेते हैं--सबको तपाने लगते हैं

sarvabhūtān prati yathā tapanaḥ śiśirātyaye | sa vijitya gṛhītvā ca nṛpatīn rājasattamaḥ ||

వైశంపాయనుడు పలికెను—శిశిరాంతంలో సూర్యుడు తన తాపంతో సమస్త ప్రాణులపై ఆధిక్యం పొందినట్లు, రాజులలో శ్రేష్ఠుడైన ఆ ప్రతాపవంతుడు ఇతర నృపతులను జయించి తన వశం చేసుకొనెను.

सर्वभूतान्all beings
सर्वभूतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत (सर्व + भूत)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
प्रतिtowards, with respect to
प्रति:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
यथाjust as
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
तपनःthe Sun (the heater)
तपनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिशिरात्ययेat the end of winter
शिशिरात्यये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशिशिर-अत्यय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विजित्यhaving conquered
विजित्य:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootवि + जि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
गृहीत्वाhaving seized/taken (under control)
गृहीत्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नृपतीन्kings
नृपतीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
राजसत्तमःthe best of kings
राजसत्तमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootराजसत्तम (राजन् + सत्तम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
T
tapana (the Sun)
N
nṛpati (kings/rulers)
R
rājasattama (the best of kings)

Educational Q&A

The verse legitimizes sovereign consolidation by comparing it to the Sun’s inevitable heat after winter: effective kingship is portrayed as a force that establishes order over rivals, ideally in a manner aligned with dharma rather than personal cruelty.

Vaiśampāyana describes a foremost king who conquers other rulers and brings them under his authority; the action is emphasized through a simile—like the Sun at winter’s end spreading heat over all beings.