Shloka 31

Viṣṇv-ekapūjya-nirṇaya; Gaṅgā-Viṣṇupadī-māhātmya; Kali-yuga doṣa; Puṣkara-dharma of Viṣṇu-smaraṇa

Devanagari script

बुद्ध्याहरद्वै राष्ट्रजातं च सर्वं धृतं त्वतो बुधसंज्ञामवाप / एवं चाभूदभिमन्युर्महात्मा सुभद्राया जठरे ह्यर्जुनाच्च

Transliteration

buddhyāharadvai rāṣṭrajātaṃ ca sarvaṃ dhṛtaṃ tvato budhasaṃjñāmavāpa / evaṃ cābhūdabhimanyurmahātmā subhadrāyā jaṭhare hyarjunācca

Translation

తన బుద్ధిబలంతో అతడు సమస్త రాష్ట్రవంశాన్ని జయించి నిలిపెను; అందువల్ల ‘బుధుడు’ (జ్ఞాని) అనే నామం పొందెను. అలాగే మహాత్ముడు అభిమన్యుడు సుభద్ర గర్భమున అర్జునుని నుండి జన్మించెను.

Word by Word

• बुद्ध्या: by intelligence, with understanding
• बुद्ध्या: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/3rd case), एकवचन; Instrumental singular

• अहरत्: carried, took away
• अहरत्: क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; past 'carried/removed'

• वै: indeed
• वै: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle/emphasis)

• राष्ट्रजातम्: the one born in the kingdom (royal-born)
• राष्ट्रजातम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राष्ट्र + जात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म/2nd case), एकवचन; accusative singular; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (rāṣṭrasya jātam)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• सर्वम्: all, entire
• सर्वम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifying implied object

• धृतम्: held, sustained
• धृतम्: कर्म/भाव (Object-state/कर्म-भाव)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, एकवचन; PPP 'held/born/sustained'

• त्वतः: from you / of you
• त्वतः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध/6th case), एकवचन; genitive singular 'of you/from you' (poetic)

• बुधसंज्ञाम्: the name 'Budha'
• बुधसंज्ञाम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुध + संज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (budhasya saṃjñā)

• अवाप: attained, obtained
• अवाप: क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आप् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्/परस्मैपद-रूप (perfect-like narrative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 'obtained/attained'

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय (adverb)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• अभूत्: became, was born
• अभूत्: क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 'became/was'

• अभिमन्युः: Abhimanyu
• अभिमन्युः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिमन्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/1st case), एकवचन; nominative singular

• महात्मा: great-souled
• महात्मा: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (महान् आत्मा) used adjectivally

• सुभद्रायाः: of Subhadrā
• सुभद्रायाः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुभद्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; genitive singular

• जठरे: in the womb/belly
• जठरे: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जठर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण/7th case), एकवचन; locative singular

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle/causal-emphasis)

• अर्जुनात्: from Arjuna (as father)
• अर्जुनात्: अपादान (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान/5th case), एकवचन; ablative singular

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating genealogical account to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Buddhi (discernment) as the basis of rightful leadership and preservation of a people; noble birth as a vehicle for dharma.

Vedantic Theme: Sattvic buddhi as a dharma-supporting instrument within prakriti; the continuity of dharma through embodied lineage.

Application: Cultivate discernment and responsibility in governance/household leadership; treat intelligence as service to collective welfare rather than self-display.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.29 (planetary/lineage identifications around Budha and related figures)

Characters & Entities

• Budha
• Abhimanyu
• Subhadrā
• Arjuna

FAQs

What is the importance of ‘Budha’ in this Garuda Purana verse?

Here ‘Budha’ is explained as a title earned through wisdom and the capacity to uphold and secure one’s people/lineage, highlighting merit-based honor rather than mere birth.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly, it emphasizes karmic qualities (like intelligence and sustaining dharma) that shape one’s honor and legacy, which the Garuda Purana often links to the broader moral order governing life, death, and outcomes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate buddhi (discernment) and use it to protect and support family/community through dharmic action; reputation and remembrance follow sustained responsibility.