Shloka 28

The Examination of Pearls and Padmarāga (Ruby): Origins, Marks, Defects, and Valuation

Devanagari script

जात्यस्य सर्वे ऽपि मणेर्न जातु विजातयः सन्ति समानवर्णाः / तथापि नानाकरणार्थमेव भेदप्रकारः परमः प्रदिष्टः

Transliteration

jātyasya sarve 'pi maṇerna jātu vijātayaḥ santi samānavarṇāḥ / tathāpi nānākaraṇārthameva bhedaprakāraḥ paramaḥ pradiṣṭaḥ

Translation

ఒకే జాతికి చెందిన రత్నాలలో, వేరే జాతి రత్నాలు ఎప్పుడూ ఒకే రంగులో ఉండవు; అయినప్పటికీ, వివిధ ప్రయోజనాల కోసం వర్గీకరణ పద్ధతి బోధించబడింది.

Word by Word

• जात्यस्य: of the kind/species (jāti)
• जात्यस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जाति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• अपि: even / also
• अपि: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), समुच्चय/अपेक्षार्थ (also/even)

• मणेः: of the gem
• मणेः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मणि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात (negation)

• जातु: ever
• जातु: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: जातु (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb), ‘ever/at any time’

• विजातयः: different kinds / other species
• विजातयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विजाति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• सन्ति: are / exist
• सन्ति: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)

• समानवर्णाः: of the same color
• समानवर्णाः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समान-वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक); समान (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• तथापि: nevertheless
• तथापि: Sambandha (Discourse connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा + अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात (concessive), ‘nevertheless’

• नानाकरणार्थम्: for the purpose of distinguishing (making different)
• नानाकरणार्थम्: Hetu (Purpose/Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाना-करण-अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक); नाना (अव्यय) + करण (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• एव: indeed / only
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)

• भेदप्रकारः: the mode/type of differentiation
• भेदप्रकारः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भेद-प्रकार (प्रातिपदिक); भेद (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रकार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• परमः: supreme / highest
• परमः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• प्रदिष्टः: has been prescribed / stated
• प्रदिष्टः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-दिś् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Passive Participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (contextual default for Garuda Purana dialogue; exact attribution not verifiable from verse alone)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Bheda-prakāra (principled distinctions) are taught to explain differing causes and functions even within a single class of objects.

Vedantic Theme: Nāma-rūpa-viveka in empirical reality: classification aids right conduct without mistaking categories for ultimate reality.

Application: In evaluation (gems, medicines, people’s skills), avoid assuming sameness from superficial similarity; use a clear taxonomy tied to function.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.70: gem classification (jāti, varṇa, guṇa, doṣa) and their functional implications

FAQs

What is the importance of classification (bheda) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse says distinctions are taught to explain different causes and purposes, even when things appear similar.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly, it supports why the text differentiates states/conditions—so the causes behind different post-death outcomes can be explained clearly.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Do not judge by outward sameness alone; understand underlying causes and context before concluding or acting.