Shloka 47

Vamsha of Dhruva and Prithu; Daksha’s Progeny; Enumerations of Devas, Asuras, Nagas, and Birds

Devanagari script

उत्कुरः शकुनिश्चैव भूतसन्तापनस्तथा / महानागो महाबाहुः कालनाभस्तथापरः

Transliteration

utkuraḥ śakuniścaiva bhūtasantāpanastathā / mahānāgo mahābāhuḥ kālanābhastathāparaḥ

Translation

ఉత్కుర, శకుని, భూతసంతాపన, మహానాగ, మహాబాహు మరియు కాలనాభ—ఇవన్నీ ఇక్కడ పేర్లతో చెప్పబడినవే.

Word by Word

• उत्कुरः: Utkura (a name)
• उत्कुरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्कुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• शकुनिः: Śakuni (a name)
• शकुनिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शकुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed/also
• एव: Modifier (विशेषण-भाव)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• भूतसन्तापनः: Bhūta-santāpana (tormenter of beings; a name)
• भूतसन्तापनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत + सन्तापन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (भूतानां सन्तापनः = tormenter of beings)

• तथा: likewise/also
• तथा: Connector (अनुक्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अनुक्रम-अव्यय (adverbial connector: likewise)

• महानागः: Mahānāga (great serpent; a name)
• महानागः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + नाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् नागः = great serpent)

• महाबाहुः: Mahābāhu (mighty-armed; a name)
• महाबाहुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् बाहुः यस्य = great-armed; as a name/epithet)

• कालनाभः: Kālanābha (a name)
• कालनाभः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल + नाभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कालस्य नाभः/नाभिः = time/black-naveled; a name)

• तथा: likewise/also
• तथा: Connector (अनुक्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अनुक्रम-अव्यय (likewise)

• अपरः: another (one)
• अपरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (another/other)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Cosmic taxonomy: knowing classes of beings clarifies the moral-cosmic battlefield in which dharma is upheld.

Vedantic Theme: Jagat-vaicitrya (diversity of manifestation) under īśvara-niyati (divine order).

Application: Cultivate discernment (viveka) about influences—name and recognize destructive tendencies before engaging them.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.6 (Daitya/Dānava genealogy context)

Characters & Entities

• Utkūra
• Śakuni
• Bhūta-santāpana
• Mahānāga
• Mahābāhu
• Kālanābha

FAQs

What is the importance of these names in the Garuda Purana?

This verse functions as a catalog of specific otherworldly figures (named beings) referenced in the Purana’s description of the post-death domain, helping map the personnel/forces associated with that realm.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by listing beings connected with the otherworld narrative, it situates the soul’s journey within an administrated realm populated by distinct entities, a recurring Garuda Purana theme when describing Yama’s domain and its agents.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a reminder that the text frames after-death consequences as orderly and specific—encouraging ethical living (dharma) and mindful performance of rites associated with death and remembrance.