Shloka 1

Snāna-Śauca Krama: Varuṇa–Āpaḥ Mantras, Aghamarṣaṇa, Sūrya-Upasthāna, and Sarva-Tarpaṇa

Devanagari script

ऽध्यायः ब्रह्मोवाच / मृद्गोमयतिलान्दर्भान्पुष्पाणि सुरभीणि च

Transliteration

'dhyāyaḥ brahmovāca / mṛdgomayatilāndarbhānpuṣpāṇi surabhīṇi ca

Translation

బ్రహ్ముడు పలికెను— మట్టి, గోమయం, నువ్వులు, దర్భ గడ్డి, మరియు సువాసన పుష్పాలను కూడా (అర్పణార్థం) సమకూర్చాలి.

Word by Word

• अध्यायः: chapter
• अध्यायः: Karta (Heading)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शीर्षक/अध्याय-सूचक

• ब्रह्मा: Brahmā
• ब्रह्मा: Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Speech act)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• मृत्: clay/earth
• मृत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (समाहार-रूपेण सूची)

• गोमय: cow-dung
• गोमय: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोमय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (सूची)

• तिलान्: sesame seeds
• तिलान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• दर्भान्: darbha grass
• दर्भान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• पुष्पाणि: flowers
• पुष्पाणि: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• सुरभीणि: fragrant
• सुरभीणि: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुरभि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (पुष्पाणि इति)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction: and)

Speaker

Brahma

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ritual purity is supported by specific natural substances traditionally held to be purifying and fit for offerings.

Vedantic Theme: External śauca as an aid (upakāraka) to internal discipline; karma-kāṇḍa orderliness supporting sattva.

Application: Prepare ritual materials beforehand; use clean, ethically sourced items; understand symbolism—earth (stability), cow-products (pavitra), sesame (pitṛ/śrāddha associations), darbha (pavitra), flowers (bhakti/saumanasya).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual preparation area

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.214 (bath/ritual requisites sequence)

Characters & Entities

• Brahma

FAQs

What is the importance of sesame (tila) and darbha in Garuda Purana rituals?

This verse highlights tila and darbha as core ritual substances used for sanctifying offerings and supporting śrāddha/pitṛ-karman procedures.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana guidance on post-death rites?

It begins an instruction (spoken by Brahmā) listing standard, purity-associated materials commonly employed in funeral and ancestor rites described in the Garuḍa Purāṇa tradition.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When performing śrāddha or remembrance rites, ensure basic ritual purity and use traditional, sattvic items (like tila, darbha, and flowers) with sincere intention and correct procedure.