Shloka 10

Nidāna of Mūtraghāta and Aśmarī: Doṣa-based Types, Signs, and Named Urinary Syndromes

Devanagari script

विस्तीर्णवा सं मूत्रं स्यात्तथा मार्गनिरोधने / बद्धं बद्ध्वा सुखं मेहेदच्छं गोमेदकोपमम्

Transliteration

vistīrṇavā saṃ mūtraṃ syāttathā mārganirodhane / baddhaṃ baddhvā sukhaṃ mehedacchaṃ gomedakopamam

Translation

మూత్రమార్గం అడ్డుపడినప్పుడు మూత్రం విస్తరించినట్లుగా లోపలే నిలిచి ఉంటుంది. మేహనాన్ని బిగిగా కట్టినప్పుడు అతడు కష్టంగా మూత్రం విడిచెను; మూత్రం స్వచ్ఛంగా గోమేదక రత్నంలా వెలువడును॥

Word by Word

• विस्तीर्णवत्: spread out, distended
• विस्तीर्णवत्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विस्तीर्ण (कृदन्त, √स्तॄ/स्तृ "to spread") + वत् (प्रातिपदिक-प्रत्यय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (adjectival, -वत् suffix = 'having/like')

• सत्: being, existing
• सत्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक; √अस् 'to be' से निष्पन्न)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• मूत्रम्: urine
• मूत्रम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• स्यात्: would be / may become
• स्यात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• तथा: thus, likewise
• तथा: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverb of manner)

• मार्ग-निरोधने: in obstruction of the passage
• मार्ग-निरोधने: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + निरोधन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी, एकवचनम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गे; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ('मार्गस्य निरोधनम्')

• बद्धम्: bound, obstructed
• बद्धम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बद्ध (कृदन्त; √बन्ध् 'to bind' क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः; विशेषणम्

• बद्ध्वा: having bound/blocked
• बद्ध्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √बन्ध् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययम् (absolutive/gerund)

• सुखम्: comfortably, with ease
• सुखम्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावेन क्रियाविशेषणवत् प्रयोगः (accusative used adverbially)

• मेहेत्: would urinate
• मेहेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मिह्/मेह् (धातु; 'to urinate')
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• अच्छम्: clear, transparent
• अच्छम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अच्छ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (मूत्रस्य)

• गोमेदक-उपमम्: resembling gomedaka (hessonite)
• गोमेदक-उपमम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोमेदक (प्रातिपदिक) + उपम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ('गोमेदकस्य उपमम्' = like gomedaka)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vainateya)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Observation-based description of disease signs (lakshana) to distinguish urinary obstruction and urine-character changes.

Vedantic Theme: deha-anityatva (impermanence and vulnerability of the body) as a spur toward discernment.

Application: Use symptom-patterns (retention, difficulty, clarity/appearance) to recognize urinary obstruction and seek timely treatment; cultivate detachment from bodily identity.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.158 (urinary disorders/ashmari-meha symptomatology sequence)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of describing bodily symptoms in the Garuda Purana?

Such descriptions concretely portray karmic retribution (naraka-anubhava), making the consequences of adharma vivid and ethically instructive.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

It implies that the jiva, through a subtle body, undergoes pain mirroring physical afflictions as a result of karma while experiencing naraka conditions.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate self-restraint and dharmic conduct; use the teaching as a reminder that harmful actions lead to suffering, encouraging repentance and corrective living.