Shloka 30

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

सरितां च पतिश्चैव समुद्राणां पतिस्तथा / सरसां च पतिश्चैव भूतानां च पतिस्तथा

Transliteration

saritāṃ ca patiścaiva samudrāṇāṃ patistathā / sarasāṃ ca patiścaiva bhūtānāṃ ca patistathā

Translation

ఆయనే నదుల అధిపతి; సముద్రాల అధిపతి; సరస్సుల అధిపతి; అలాగే సమస్త భూతజీవుల అధిపతి।

Word by Word

• सरिताम्: of rivers
• सरिताम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरित् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पतिः: lord
• पतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (particle of emphasis)

• समुद्राणाम्: of oceans
• समुद्राणाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन

• पतिः: lord
• पतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीति/प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb)

• सरसाम्: of lakes/ponds
• सरसाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पतिः: lord
• पतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (particle of emphasis)

• भूतानाम्: of beings
• भूतानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पतिः: lord
• पतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीति/प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Immanence: the same Lord pervades and governs nature (waters) and all beings (bhūtas).

Vedantic Theme: Brahman as adhāra (support) and antaryāmin of jagat; unity of prakṛti and jīvas under īśvara.

Application: Practice tīrtha-snānā or simple water-offering with the insight ‘this is the Lord’s domain’; cultivate environmental dharma as worship (protect rivers/lakes).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: hydroscape

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15.28–32 (universal lordship litany)

FAQs

What is the importance of describing the Lord as master of rivers and oceans in the Garuda Purana?

It emphasizes Ishvara’s all-pervading sovereignty—natural forces and sacred waters are not independent, but operate under the Supreme Lord who sustains cosmic order (dharma).

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By asserting one supreme ruler over all beings, it frames the soul’s journey as ultimately governed by divine order—encouraging surrender, right conduct, and reliance on the Lord beyond changing worldly conditions.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate reverence for nature and sacred waters, and live ethically with the awareness that all beings share one divine source and overseer—supporting compassion, restraint, and devotion.