Shloka 1

Vyāsāṅga Trayodaśī: Month-by-Month Śiva Worship, Dantadhāvana Observances, and Udyāpana

Devanagari script

नाम षोडशोत्तरशततमो ऽध्यायः ब्रह्मोवाच / मार्गशीर्षे सिते पक्षे व्यासांनङ्गत्रयोदशी / मल्लिकाजं दन्तकाष्ठं धुतूरैः पूजयेच्छिवम्

Transliteration

nāma ṣoḍaśottaraśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ brahmovāca / mārgaśīrṣe site pakṣe vyāsāṃnaṅgatrayodaśī / mallikājaṃ dantakāṣṭhaṃ dhutūraiḥ pūjayecchivam

Translation

బ్రహ్ముడు పలికెను—ఇది షోడశోత్తరశతమ అధ్యాయం. మార్గశీర్ష శుక్లపక్షంలో ‘వ్యాసాంగ’ అనే త్రయోదశి నాడు మల్లికా దంతకాష్ఠంతో, ధత్తూరా సమర్పణతో శివుని పూజించాలి.

Word by Word

• नाम: (entitled)
• नाम: Sambandha (Title marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; शीर्षक-प्रयोगे 'नाम' (as 'named')

• षोडशोत्तरशततमः: one hundred and sixteenth
• षोडशोत्तरशततमः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षोडश + उत्तर + शत + तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषणम् (ordinal); समासः: शतस्योत्तरं षोडश (116) + तम

• अध्यायः: chapter
• अध्यायः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• ब्रह्मा: Brahmā
• ब्रह्मा: Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; वक्तृ-निर्देश

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• मार्गशीर्षे: in (the month of) Mārgaśīrṣa
• मार्गशीर्षे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्गशीर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; मासवाचक

• सिते: bright (white)
• सिते: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (पक्षे इति)

• पक्षे: in the fortnight
• पक्षे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• व्यासाम्: Vyāsa
• व्यासाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; पाठभेद-सूचक: 'व्यासां' इति रूपं सम्भवतः 'व्यासं' (acc. sg.)

• अनङ्गत्रयोदशी: (the) Anaṅga-trayodaśī (13th day associated with Anaṅga)
• अनङ्गत्रयोदशी: Adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनङ्ग + त्रयोदशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; तिथिवाचक-समासः (अनङ्गस्य त्रयोदशी)

• मल्लिकाजम्: made from jasmine (mallikā)
• मल्लिकाजम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मल्लिका + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (दन्तकाष्ठम् इति); समासः: मल्लिकायाः जातम्

• दन्तकाष्ठम्: a tooth-stick
• दन्तकाष्ठम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दन्त + काष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; समासः: दन्तानां काष्ठम् (tooth-stick)

• धुतूरैः: with dhattūra flowers/leaves
• धुतूरैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धुतूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; करणवाचक

• पूजयेत्: should worship
• पूजयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• शिवम्: Śiva
• शिवम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

Speaker

Brahma

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vrata-vidhi: correct month, fortnight, tithi, and prescribed upacāras/dravya yield ritual completeness; purity practices (dantakāṣṭha) integrate bodily discipline with worship.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-yoga framing: disciplined action offered to īśvara; external order supports inner steadiness.

Application: In Mārgaśīrṣa bright fortnight on Trayodaśī (Vyāsāṅga), perform Śiva-pūjā using mallikā tooth-stick as a ritual item and offer dhattūra as per accepted Śaiva procedure and safety norms.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.117 (vrata/puja prescriptions continuing in 1.117.2)

Characters & Entities

• Brahma
• Shiva

FAQs

What is the importance of Trayodaśī worship in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights Trayodaśī in the bright half of Mārgaśīrṣa as a prescribed time for Śiva-pūjā, indicating that specific lunar dates are treated as spiritually potent for observances (vratas) and focused devotion.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not directly describe the soul’s journey or afterlife mechanics; instead, it gives a dharmic ritual prescription—implying that disciplined observance and devotion are supportive practices within the Purāṇic framework of merit (puṇya).

Practical application of this wisdom today?

If you follow Purāṇic observances, you can mark Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Trayodaśī for Śiva worship and perform a simple, safe, tradition-aligned pūjā (using culturally appropriate offerings) with sincerity and restraint.