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Shloka 16

Mārkaṇḍeya’s Request to See Māyā and the Vision of the Cosmic Deluge

क्षुत्तृट्परीतो मकरैस्तिमिङ्गिलै- रुपद्रुतो वीचिनभस्वता हत: । तमस्यपारे पतितो भ्रमन् दिशो न वेद खं गां च परिश्रमेषित: ॥ १६ ॥

kṣut-tṛṭ-parīto makarais timiṅgilair upadruto vīci-nabhasvatāhataḥ tamasy apāre patito bhraman diśo na veda khaṁ gāṁ ca pariśrameṣitaḥ

ఆకలి దాహాలతో బాధపడుతూ, మకరాలు తిమింగిలాలు దాడి చేయగా, అలలు గాలుల దెబ్బలకు తట్టుకోలేక అతడు అంతులేని అంధకారంలో పడిపోయాడు. అలసటతో దిక్కుతెలియక తిరుగుతూ, ఆకాశమో భూమో కూడా గుర్తించలేకపోయాడు.

kṣutby hunger
kṣut:
Hetu (हेतु/कारण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣudh (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); (समासपूर्वपद)
tṛṭby thirst
tṛṭ:
Hetu (हेतु/कारण)
TypeNoun
Roottṛṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); (समासपूर्वपद)
parītaḥovercome, surrounded
parītaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpari-√i (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/भूतकर्मणि), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
makaraiḥby makaras (sea-creatures)
makaraiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmakara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
timiṅgilaiḥby timiṅgilas (huge fish)
timiṅgilaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottimiṅgila (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
upadrutaḥharassed, afflicted
upadrutaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootupa-√dru (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/भूतकर्मणि), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
vīciby waves
vīci:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvīci (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); (समासपूर्वपद)
nabhasvatāby wind
nabhasvatā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnabhasvat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); (समासपूर्वपद)
āhataḥstruck, battered
āhataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootā-√han (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/भूतकर्मणि), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tamasiin darkness
tamasi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottamas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
apāreendless, boundless
apāre:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootapāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with tamasi
patitaḥfallen
patitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√pat (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/भूतकर्मणि), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
bhramanwandering
bhraman:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√bhram (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ/वर्तमान कृदन्त)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ/वर्तमान), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
diśaḥdirections
diśaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdiś (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
vedaknows
veda:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vid (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
khamsky, space
kham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
gāmearth (lit. cow)
gām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
pariśramaby exhaustion
pariśrama:
Hetu (हेतु/कारण)
TypeNoun
Rootpariśrama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); (समासपूर्वपद)
eṣitaḥdriven, impelled
eṣitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√iṣ (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/भूतकर्मणि), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); here: 'driven/impelled'

FAQs

This verse depicts conditioned life like an ocean where hunger, thirst, fear, and external forces batter the soul until one becomes disoriented—showing the need for a higher shelter beyond material struggle.

Śukadeva is warning Parīkṣit about the crushing condition of life in Kali-yuga and the helplessness of the jīva when dependent on material supports, reinforcing the urgency of taking refuge in devotion to the Lord.

Recognize how constant anxiety and craving can make life feel directionless, and consciously seek steadiness through sādhana—hearing scripture, chanting, and living with spiritual priorities rather than being driven by survival-fear alone.