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Shloka 40

Kṛṣṇa’s Queens, Their Sons, and Balarāma’s Victory over Rukmī at Dice

Aniruddha–Rocanā Marriage Context

ततोऽनिरुद्धं सह सूर्यया वरं रथं समारोप्य ययु: कुशस्थलीम् । रामादयो भोजकटाद् दशार्हा: सिद्धाखिलार्था मधुसूदनाश्रया: ॥ ४० ॥

tato ’niruddhaṁ saha sūryayā varaṁ rathaṁ samāropya yayuḥ kuśasthalīm rāmādayo bhojakaṭād daśārhāḥ siddhākhilārthā madhusūdanāśrayāḥ

అప్పుడు, మధుసూదనుని ఆశ్రయించి తమ కార్యాలన్నింటినీ నెరవేర్చుకున్న దశార్హ వంశస్థులు, బలరాముని నాయకత్వంలో, అనిరుద్ధుని మరియు అతని వధువును ఒక శ్రేష్టమైన రథంపై కూర్చుండబెట్టి భోజకటం నుండి ద్వారకకు బయలుదేరారు.

tataḥthen, thereafter
tataḥ:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
aniruddhamAniruddha
aniruddham:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootaniruddha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
sahatogether with
saha:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक/Accompaniment)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
Formसह-अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable)
sūryayāwith Sūryā
sūryayā:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootsūryā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन
varamexcellent
varam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootvara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of ‘ratham’
rathamchariot
ratham:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
samāropyahaving mounted (them)
samāropya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Anterior action)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-√ruh (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having mounted/placed (them) upon’
yayuḥthey went
yayuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√yā (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
kuśasthalīmto Kuśasthalī
kuśasthalīm:
Karma (कर्म/Goal as object)
TypeNoun
Rootkuśasthalī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; स्थाननाम (place-name)
rāma-ādayaḥRāma and others
rāma-ādayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (आदि-समास/‘Rāma and others’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
bhojakaṭātfrom Bhojakaṭa
bhojakaṭāt:
Apādāna (अपादान/Ablative-source)
TypeNoun
Rootbhojakaṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन; स्थान-अपादान
daśārhāḥthe Daśārhas
daśārhāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdaśārha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; वंश/जनपद-नाम
siddha-akhila-arthāḥhaving all purposes fulfilled
siddha-akhila-arthāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsiddha (कृदन्त, √sidh सिध् क्त/PPP) + akhila (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘सिद्धाः अखिलाः अर्थाः येषाम्’ (whose all aims are accomplished)
madhusūdana-āśrayāḥtaking Madhusūdana as their refuge
madhusūdana-āśrayāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmadhusūdana (प्रातिपदिक) + āśraya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘मधुसूदनः आश्रयः येषाम्’ (who have Madhusūdana as refuge)

Even though Rukmiṇī was very dear to all the Dāśārhas, her brother Rukmī had constantly opposed and insulted Kṛṣṇa since Rukmiṇī’s wedding. Thus, Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī explains, the associates of Lord Kṛṣṇa could hardly lament Rukmī’s sudden demise.

A
Aniruddha
S
Sūryā
B
Balarāma
M
Madhusūdana (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)

FAQs

This verse states that the Daśārhas’ purposes were fully accomplished because they were “Madhusūdana-āśrayāḥ”—taking shelter of Kṛṣṇa, by which all true aims become fulfilled.

After resolving the events at Bhojakaṭa and securing Aniruddha’s union with Sūryā, they formally escorted the couple back to Dvārakā, completing the mission and restoring peace and honor.

The verse teaches that when one centers life on devotion and shelter in Kṛṣṇa, priorities become clarified and one’s real purpose is fulfilled beyond temporary achievements.