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Shloka 8

Uddhava Meets the Gopīs: Bhramara-gītā and Kṛṣṇa’s Message of Separation

खगा वीतफलं वृक्षं भुक्त्वा चातिथयो गृहम् । दग्धं मृगास्तथारण्यं जारा भुक्त्वा रतां स्‍त्रियम् ॥ ८ ॥

khagā vīta-phalaṁ vṛkṣaṁ bhuktvā cātithayo gṛham dagdhaṁ mṛgās tathāraṇyaṁ jārā bhuktvā ratāṁ striyam

పక్షులు ఫలాలు లేని చెట్టును వదులుతాయి, అతిథులు భోజనం చేసి ఇంటిని విడిచిపెడతారు, జంతువులు కాలిపోయిన అడవిని వదులుతాయి, అలాగే జారుడు భోగించిన తరువాత కూడా రత స్త్రీని వదిలిపోతాడు—ఆమె మాత్రం అతనిపై ఆసక్తిగా ఉంటుంది।

khagāḥbirds
khagāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkhaga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन
vīta-phalamdevoid of fruit
vīta-phalam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvīta + phala (प्रातिपदिक; √vī/vi + क्त, + phala)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (vītāni phalāni yasmāt = from which fruits are gone)
vṛkṣama tree
vṛkṣam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛkṣa (प्रातिपदik)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
bhuktvāhaving eaten/enjoyed
bhuktvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbhuj (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), पूर्वकाल (having eaten/enjoyed)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)
ātithayaḥguests
ātithayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootātithya/ātithi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन
gṛhama house
gṛham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
dagdhamburnt
dagdham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdagdha (प्रातिपदिक; √dah + क्त)
Formक्त (Past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
mṛgāḥdeer/animals
mṛgāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन
tathālikewise
tathā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थ (likewise/so)
araṇyama forest
araṇyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootaraṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
jārāḥparamours
jārāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन
bhuktvāhaving enjoyed
bhuktvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbhuj (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), पूर्वकाल (having enjoyed)
ratāmone who is attached/engaged (in love)
ratām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootratā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
striyama woman
striyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
U
Uddhava
K
Krishna
G
Gopis

FAQs

The gopīs express the pain of separation by giving examples of how others take enjoyment and then leave—birds and trees, guests and homes, animals and forests, and a lover and a woman—implying that Kṛṣṇa, after enchanting them with His love, has departed from Vraja.

Overwhelmed by viraha (separation), the gopīs’ love becomes intense and paradoxical: their apparent criticism is actually an expression of exclusive devotion and helpless longing, voiced before Uddhava who has brought Kṛṣṇa’s message.

The verse teaches single-pointed remembrance: even in absence or difficulty, keep the heart fixed on Kṛṣṇa, transforming pain into prayer, sincerity, and deeper dependence on divine grace.