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Shloka 32

Veṇu-gīta-āhvāna and the Gopīs’ Appeal: The Opening of Rāsa-līlā

यत्पत्यपत्यसुहृदामनुवृत्तिरङ्ग स्त्रीणां स्वधर्म इति धर्मविदा त्वयोक्तम् । अस्त्वेवमेतदुपदेशपदे त्वयीशे प्रेष्ठो भवांस्तनुभृतां किल बन्धुरात्मा ॥ ३२ ॥

yat paty-apatya-suhṛdām anuvṛttir aṅga strīṇāṁ sva-dharma iti dharma-vidā tvayoktam astv evam etad upadeśa-pade tvayīśe preṣṭho bhavāṁs tanu-bhṛtāṁ kila bandhur ātmā

ప్రియ కృష్ణా, ధర్మవేత్తగా మీరు స్త్రీల స్వధర్మం భర్త, పిల్లలు, బంధువులకు విధేయంగా సేవ చేయడమే అని ఉపదేశించారు. అది సత్యమే; కానీ ఆ సేవ నిజంగా మీకే అర్పించాలి, ఎందుకంటే మీరు దేహధారులందరికీ అత్యంత ప్రియ మిత్రుడు, అంతరంగ బంధువు, స్వయంగా ఆత్మ.

yatthat which
yat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (1/2-प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular; relative pronoun
patiof husbands
pati:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6-षष्ठी), Plural; in compound context
apatyaof children
apatya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootapatya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive (6-षष्ठी), Plural; in compound context
suhṛdāmof friends
suhṛdām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsuhṛd (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6-षष्ठी), Plural
anuvṛttiḥfollowing/obedience
anuvṛttiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanuvṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1-प्रथमा), Singular
aṅgaO dear (one)
aṅga:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaṅga (अव्यय/सम्बोधन)
FormParticle of address (सम्बोधनार्थक-अव्यय)
strīṇāmof women
strīṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive (6-षष्ठी), Plural
sva-dharmaḥone's own duty
sva-dharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1-प्रथमा), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'one's own duty'
itithus
iti:
Vakyopapadana (वाक्योपपादन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
dharma-vidāby the knower of dharma
dharma-vidā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक) + vid (विद्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3-तृतीया), Singular; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: 'knower of dharma'
tvayāby you
tvayā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSecond person pronoun, Instrumental (3-तृतीया), Singular
uktamsaid/spoken
uktam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (वच्-धातु) + kta (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative Singular; passive sense
astulet it be
astu:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (अस्-धातु)
FormLoṭ (imperative/benedictive), 3rd person, Singular; 'let it be'
evamso/thus
evam:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
etatthis
etat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (1/2), Singular; demonstrative pronoun
upadeśa-padein the matter of instruction
upadeśa-pade:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootupadeśa (प्रातिपदिक) + pada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7-सप्तमी), Singular; षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष: 'in the position/wording of instruction'
tvayiin you
tvayi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSecond person pronoun, Locative (7-सप्तमी), Singular
īśeO Lord
īśe:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootīśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8-सम्बोधन), Singular
preṣṭhaḥmost dear
preṣṭhaḥ:
Pradhana-viśeṣaṇa (प्रधान-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1-प्रथमा), Singular; superlative sense
bhavānyou (hon.)
bhavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormHonorific 2nd person pronoun, Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular
tanu-bhṛtāmof embodied beings
tanu-bhṛtām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottanu (प्रातिपदिक) + bhṛt (भृत्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6-षष्ठी), Plural; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: 'bearers of bodies' = embodied beings
kilaindeed
kila:
Vakyopapadana (वाक्योपपादन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkila (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), emphasis/indeed
bandhuḥkinsman/friend
bandhuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbandhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1-प्रथमा), Singular
ātmāSelf (inner self)
ātmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1-प्रथमा), Singular

Śrī Kṛṣṇa is the Soul of all souls, their dearmost friend and well-wisher. As stated in the Eleventh Canto of the Bhāgavatam (11.5.41) :

K
Krishna
G
Gopis

FAQs

This verse acknowledges the traditional duty of serving husband, children, and family, yet declares that because Kṛṣṇa is the Paramātmā and true kinsman of all beings, loving devotion to Him is ultimately supreme.

Kṛṣṇa had advised them to return home to uphold social and familial duties; the gopīs respond that His instruction is valid in general, but their irresistible devotion is justified because He is the dearest Self of everyone.

Perform worldly responsibilities sincerely, but anchor the heart in devotion—remembering that the deepest relationship is with the Divine Self, which brings clarity, detachment, and steadiness amid social roles.