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Shloka 45

Parīkṣit’s Questions and the Prelude to Kṛṣṇa’s Advent

Earth’s Burden, Viṣṇu’s Order, and Kaṁsa’s Fear

एषा तवानुजा बाला कृपणा पुत्रिकोपमा । हन्तुं नार्हसि कल्याणीमिमां त्वं दीनवत्सल: ॥ ४५ ॥

eṣā tavānujā bālā kṛpaṇā putrikopamā hantuṁ nārhasi kalyāṇīm imāṁ tvaṁ dīna-vatsalaḥ

ఇది నీ చెల్లెలు—దీనమైన బాలిక—కుమార్తెతో సమానం. నీవు దీనులపై కరుణగలవాడవు; కాబట్టి ఈ కల్యాణిని హతమార్చడం నీకు తగదు, స్నేహంతో సంరక్షించాలి।

eṣāthis (girl)
eṣā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
tavayour
tava:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन); pronoun
anujāyounger sister
anujā:
Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootanujā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
bālāyoung/innocent
bālā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbālā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
kṛpaṇāhelpless/pitiable
kṛpaṇā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛpaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
putrikā-upamālike a daughter
putrikā-upamā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootputrikā (प्रातिपदिक) + upamā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: putrikāyāḥ upamā (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) = 'like a daughter'
hantumto kill
hantum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeVerb
Roothan (धातु)
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; negation (निषेध)
arhasiyou ought/deserve
arhasi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√arh (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
kalyāṇīmthe auspicious/virtuous one
kalyāṇīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkalyāṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
imāmthis (one)
imām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
dīna-vatsalaḥcompassionate to the distressed
dīna-vatsalaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdīna (प्रातिपदिक) + vatsala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: dīnān prati vatsalaḥ (उपपद-तत्पुरुष)
D
Devaki
K
Kaṁsa
V
Vasudeva

FAQs

In 10.1.45, Vasudeva argues that Devakī is a helpless young woman and should not be killed, appealing to dharma and compassion toward the innocent.

Kaṁsa was about to kill Devakī after hearing the prophecy about his death; Vasudeva tried to stop him by reminding him she was his own sister and by appealing to his reputation as compassionate.

It teaches restraint and moral courage—protecting vulnerable persons and refusing to justify cruelty, even when fear, anger, or self-interest pressures one to act violently.