Shloka 9
आत्यन्तिक-लयहेतुः: तापत्रय-विवेचनम् तथा ‘भगवान्/वासुदेव’ शब्दार्थः
Threefold Suffering and the Path to Final Liberation; Meaning of Bhagavān and Vāsudeva
गर्भजन्मजराज्ञानमृत्युनारकजं तथा दुःखं सहस्रशो भेदैर् भिद्यते मुनिसत्तम
garbhajanmajarājñānamṛtyunārakajaṃ tathā duḥkhaṃ sahasraśo bhedair bhidyate munisattama
ஓ முனிவர்களில் சிறந்தவரே, கர்ப்பவாசம், பிறப்பு, முதுமை, அறியாமை, மரணம், மேலும் நரகத்திலிருந்து எழும் வேதனை—இவ்வாறு ஆயிரம் வகைகளாக துயரம் பிரிகிறது।
Sage Parāśara (in instruction to Maitreya)
FAQs
It maps the full spectrum of saṃsāric pain—before birth, during life, at death, and after death—showing that suffering pervades conditioned existence and prompting the pursuit of liberation.
He presents duḥkha as “thousands of divisions,” categorizing it by its causes and stages (gestation, embodiment, decline, death, and naraka), emphasizing that it is structurally built into worldly life.
By underscoring the inevitability of saṃsāric suffering, the text implicitly directs the seeker toward Vishnu as the supreme refuge and the ultimate ground of mokṣa beyond birth and death.