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Shloka 4

द्वितीयः सर्गः (Sarga 2): Sugriva’s Alarm and Hanuman’s Commission

चिन्तयित्वा स धर्मात्मा विमृश्य गुरुलाघवम्।सुग्रीवः परमोद्विग्नस्सर्वैरनुचरैस्सह।।

cintayitvā sa dharmātmā vimṛśya gurulāghavam | sugrīvaḥ paramodvignaḥ sarvair anucaraiḥ saha ||

தர்மாத்மையான சுக்ரீவன் மிகுந்த கலக்கத்துடன், தன் எல்லா துணையர்களோடும் சேர்ந்து, விளைவுகளின் பாரமும் இலகுமையும் எண்ணி ஆராய்ந்து அளந்தான்.

cintayitvāhaving reflected
cintayitvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√cint (चिन्त्) (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
dharmātmāthe righteous-souled one
dharmātmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि: 'dharmaḥ ātmā yasya'
vimṛśyahaving considered
vimṛśya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootvi + √mṛś (मृश्) (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्)
guru-lāghavamthe pros and cons (relative weight)
guru-lāghavam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक) + lāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); द्वन्द्व (itaretara): heaviness and lightness = relative importance/weight
sugrīvaḥSugriva
sugrīvaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
parama-udvignaḥextremely agitated
parama-udvignaḥ:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootparama (प्रातिपदिक) + udvigna (कृदन्त, क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय qualifying sugrīvaḥ
sarvaiḥwith all
sarvaiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifying anucaraiḥ
anucaraiḥfollowers, attendants
anucaraiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootanucara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
sahatogether with
saha:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; postposition meaning 'with' (सह-योग)

'O best of monkeys ascertain their purpose by praising them and studying their honest intentions. Gain the confidence of the wielders of bows and if you find them agreeable, enquire the purpose of their entering this forest.

S
Sugrīva

FAQs

Dharma includes deliberation: one should assess consequences (what is grave and what is minor) before choosing a course of action.

After being frightened by the sight of the two princes, Sugrīva consults and evaluates the situation with his followers.

Prudence and discernment (viveka): careful weighing of outcomes rather than impulsive reaction.