Shloka 3

Guṇa-vibhāga and Prāṇa–Agni–Yoga Upadeśa (गुणविभाग तथा प्राण-अग्नि-योगोपदेश)

Devanagari script

विष्वगश्वः पृथो: पुत्रस्तस्मादद्रिश्न जज्ञिवान्‌ अद्रेश्व युवनाश्वस्तु श्रावस्तस्थात्मजो 5 भवत्‌,पृथुके विष्वगश्व और उनके पुत्र अद्रि हुए। अद्विके पुत्रका नाम युवनाश्व था। युवनाश्वका पुत्र श्राव नामसे विख्यात हुआ

Transliteration

viśvagāśvaḥ pṛthoḥ putras tasmād adriśna jajñivān | adreśu yuvanāśvas tu śrāvas tasyātmajo 'bhavat ||

Translation

மார்க்கண்டேயர் கூறினார்— ப்ருதுவின் மகன் விஷ்வகாஷ்வன். அவனிடமிருந்து அத்ரிஷ்ணன் பிறந்தான். அத்ரிஷ்ணனிடமிருந்து யுவநாஷ்வன் பிறந்தான்; யுவநாஷ்வனின் மகன் ‘ஸ்ராவ’ என்ற பெயரால் புகழ்பெற்றான்.

Word by Word

विष्वगश्वःViśvag-aśva (proper name; lit. ‘having horses everywhere’)

पृथोःof Pṛthu

पुत्रःson

तस्मात्from him

अद्रिश्नःAdriśna (proper name)

जज्ञिवान्was born / came to be born

अद्रेश्वin/at/from Adri (i.e., ‘in Adri’; contextually ‘to Adri’ as lineage marker)

युवनाश्वःYuvanāśva (proper name; lit. ‘young-horse’)

तुand/but/indeed

श्रावःŚrāva (proper name)

तस्यof him

आत्मजःson (lit. ‘born of oneself’)

अभवत्was/became

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Mārkaṇḍeya

Pṛthu

Viśvagāśva

Adriśna

Yuvanāśva

Śrāvas

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse reinforces the Itihāsa emphasis on lineage preserved through dharmic succession: names and reputations endure when a royal line continues in an orderly, legitimate manner, linking personal identity to ancestral responsibility.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya is reciting a genealogical sequence: Pṛthu’s son is Viśvagāśva; Viśvagāśva’s descendant is Adriśna; from Adriśna comes Yuvanāśva; and Yuvanāśva’s son is Śrāvas, noted for renown.