Shloka 13
Sañjaya’s Knowledge of Keśava and the Discipline of Indriya-nigraha (संजयस्य केशवज्ञानम्—इन्द्रियनिग्रह-उपदेशः)
कालस्य च हि मृत्योश्व॒ जड़मस्थावरस्य च | ईशते भगवानेक: सत्यमेतद् ब्रवीमि ते,मैं आपसे यह सच कहता हूँ कि एकमात्र भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण ही काल, मृत्यु तथा चराचर जगतके स्वामी एवं शासक हैं
kālasya ca hi mṛtyoś ca jaḍam asthāvarasya ca | īśate bhagavān ekaḥ satyam etad bravīmi te ||
நான் உனக்குச் சத்தியமாகச் சொல்கிறேன்—ஒரே பகவானே காலத்தையும், மரணத்தையும், ஜடமான நிலையுலகையும் ஆள்கிறார்.
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches that a single supreme Lord governs even the most absolute forces—Time and Death—and also the entire insentient and immovable order. Ethically, it urges humility and right judgment: human plans and fears must be measured against a higher sovereignty, encouraging surrender of ego and steadiness in dharmic action.
In Udyoga Parva’s pre-war deliberations, Sañjaya speaks as a messenger/observer conveying grave counsel. Here he affirms the supreme lordship of Bhagavān—understood in context as Śrī Kṛṣṇa—framing the unfolding conflict within a cosmic order where divine governance surpasses temporal power and mortal threat.